关键词: 导电细菌纤维素, 智能织物, 能量收集, 原位改性, 后功能化改性

Abstract: With the continuous development of society and the increasing focus on health issues, research on real-time monitoring of human health status through smart textiles and energy supply for wearable electronic devices has gained significant attention. The core of smart textile research is centered on the design and development of conductive flexible substrate materials. Currently, various types of conductive flexible substrate materials used in the manufacture of smart textiles have been extensively studied, including metallic materials, carbon-based fiber materials, and polymer composites. However, existing materials often struggle to balance multiple advantages such as mechanical strength, washability, structural stability, and environmental friendliness. Bacterial cellulose (BC), a three-dimensional networked natural polymer nanofiber material synthesized through microbial fermentation, is primarily composed of glucose units linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Due to its numerous advantages such as high purity, high crystallinity, high water retention capacity, high air permeability, high specific surface area, outstanding mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and superior biodegradability, BC has become a hotspot in the international research field of bio-based materials. However, natural BC lacks electrical conductivity, which limits its application in smart textiles. Therefore, modifying BC through physical or chemical methods to prepare conductive BC functional materials has become the key focus of current research. Currently, the preparation methods for conductive BC functional materials mainly focus on three technological pathways domestically and internationally: in-situ modification, post-functionalization modification, and blending-regeneration modification. In-situ modification can achieve controlled material structure, but during static fermentation, conductive nanofillers are prone to settling, leading to uneven distribution within the modified material. Additionally, blending modification may compromise the material's superior mechanical properties. Post-functionalization modification does not alter the intrinsic properties of the material, but physically adsorbed conductive coatings are often unstable, and the amount of chemically grafted conductive coatings is relatively low. The blending-regeneration modification method ensures uniform distribution of the conductive component in the composite material and exhibits good service performance stability. However, the high crystallinity of BC makes it difficult to dissolve, and the high viscosity of the solution limits further processing. Each modification approach has its distinct advantages and disadvantages. This paper comprehensively summarizes the preparation methods, principles, advantages, and disadvantages of conductive BC, and delves into the applications of this material in the field of smart textiles, particularly in areas such as supercapacitors, wearable devices, motion assistance, and health management. It aims to provide valuable guidance and innovative ideas for researchers engaged in basic research on conductive BC and the development of smart textiles.

Key words: conductive bacterial cellulose, smart textiles, energy harvesting, in-situ modification, post-functionali-zation modification