关键词: 喷涂技术, 家用干衣机, 抗静电, 工艺参数, 功能性整理

Abstract: In modern life, the issue of fabric static electricity brings numerous troubles to people, particularly in the context of household laundry care. Finding an efficient method for antistatic finishing of fabrics is therefore of great importance. To address the problems of long cycles and low efficiency in antistatic finishing of fabrics during household laundry care, a method for antistatic finishing of fabrics in domestic dryers based on spraying technology is proposed. This method aims to impart good antistatic properties to fabrics within a short period of time. Firstly, based on various factors such as safety, water solubility and stability, a cationic antistatic finishing agent SE suitable for the household laundry care environment was selected. Subsequently, by setting up an off-machine spraying device and conducting spraying experiments inside the dryer, the effects of different process conditions, solution concentrations and spraying parameters on the antistatic finishing performance of fabrics were systematically explored. The optimal spraying process parameters were determined as follows: a spraying distance of 25 cm, a pressure of 6.5 Bar and a nozzle diameter of 2.0 mm. Under these conditions, the particle size after spraying was approximately 332.37 ± 263.10 μm. The experimental data indicated that when the amount of the finishing agent sprayed reached 50 g per 1 kg load, i.e., above 0.57% o.w.f, the fabric could achieve good antistatic performance (10 s < HDT ≤ 30 s). If the spray amount was further increased, the antistatic effect became even more excellent (HDT ≤ 10 s). Moreover, spraying the finishing agent inside the clothes dryer yielded the same outstanding antistatic performance (HDT ≤ 10 s) as rinsing with fabric softener. In addition, the study also tested the durability, rubbing fastness and wearability of the finished fabrics. The results showed that the antistatic performance of the fabrics remained durable throughout one wearing cycle after antistatic finishing. Even after being rubbed for 6000 cycles under a pressure of 9000 Pa, there was no significant change in their antistatic performance, showing good rubbing fastness. At the same time, spraying the antistatic finishing agent had no significant impact on the air permeability, moisture permeability, resilience, softness or other wearability properties of the fabrics and would not interfere with the daily wearing experience of the fabrics. In conclusion, the application of spraying technology in domestic dryers for antistatic finishing of fabrics offers significant advantages, opening up a new path for enhancing the functionality of fabrics in household laundry care scenarios and is expected to be widely promoted in practical applications.

Key words: spraying technology, domestic dryers, antistatic, process parameters, functional finishing