现代纺织技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 93-98.DOI: 10.19398/j.att.202101023

• 材料工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

退火对聚氨酯纤维结构及力学性能的影响

宋会芬1, 宋丽艳2, 潘天浩3, 迟长龙1, 石素宇1(), 张学锋2   

  1. 1.河南工程学院材料工程学院,郑州 451191
    2.新乡白鹭投资集团有限公司,河南新乡 453006
    3.浙江新和成特种材料有限公司,浙江绍兴 312473
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-20 出版日期:2022-03-10 网络出版日期:2021-07-12
  • 通讯作者: 石素宇,E-mail: ssymail@126.com
  • 作者简介:宋会芬(1969-),女,河南郑州人,副教授,硕士,主要从事聚合物材料的结构调控及性能方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技攻关项目(212102210287);河南省教育厅重点科研项目(19A430010)

Effect of annealing on the structure and mechanical properties of polyurethane fiber

SONG Huifen1, SONG Liyan2, PAN Tianhao3, CHI Changlong1, SHI Suyu1(), ZHANG Xuefeng2   

  1. 1. College of Materials Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, China
    2. Xinxiang Bailu Investment Group Co., Ltd., Xinxiang 453006, China
    3. Zhejiang NHU Special Materials Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312473, China
  • Received:2021-01-20 Published:2022-03-10 Online:2021-07-12

摘要:

聚氨酯纤维在使用过程中容易出现断丝、弹性变差、耐温性差等缺点,限制了其应用范围。为了改善聚氨酯纤维的力学性能,将聚氨酯纤维于一定温度下进行退火处理。利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、二维广角X-射线衍射仪(2D-WAXD)、红外光谱仪和万能材料试验机测试分析了聚氨酯纤维退火前后结构及力学性能的变化。研究表明:退火使氨纶分子链氢键化程度变大,促进硬段分子链段的重排结晶,提高软段的玻璃化转变温度;高温退火有利于氨纶断裂强力与断裂伸长率的提高,氨纶的弹性回复性能变好。

关键词: 氨纶, 退火, 力学性能, 聚氨酯

Abstract:

Polyurethane (PU) fiber is prone to fracture, poor elasticity and poor temperature resistance in the process use, which limit the scope of its application. In this project, PU fiber was annealed at certain temperatures to improve mechanical properties. The structures and mechanical properties of spandex before and after annealing were characterized by means of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffractometer (2D-WAXD), infrared spectrometer and universal testing machine. The results show that annealing increases the hydrogen-bond interaction in the molecular link of spandex, promotes the rearrangement and crystallization of hard segments of molecular chain and improves the glass transition temperature of soft segments. By annealing at high temperatures, the tensile strength, elongation at break and elastic recovery of spandex can be improved.

Key words: spandex, annealing, mechanical properties, polyurethane

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