关键词: 水热法, 无酶葡萄糖传感器, 碳布, 纳米线, Co₂NiO₄@CC

Abstract: The continuous improvement of people's living standards and living conditions is accompanied by health problems. One of the most significant problems is that the number of patients with diabetes is rising sharply, and at the same time, the people suffering from diabetes tend to be increasingly younger. Diabetes is a disease caused by insufficient insulin produced by the pancreas or inability to use insulin effectively, which is manifested by blood glucose concentration higher or lower than the normal range (4.4～6.6mM). As diabetes is a chronic disease, it will lead to many comprehensive complications, such as vision loss and renal failure. Research shows that strict carbohydrate control can improve the survival rate of diabetes patients and prevent complications related to type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, real-time monitoring of people's physiological blood glucose level is the key to the effective treatment of diabetes. Therefore, the development of electrochemical glucose sensors with high sensitivity, excellent selectivity and reusability has attracted extensive attention of many researchers.
Carbon cloth is a kind of commercial woven fabric. Due to its high conductivity, porous network, large surface area, good mechanical flexibility and strength, it is considered as an excellent substrate for building flexible electrode materials, and has potential development prospects in the fields of catalysis, energy storage and sensing. In recent years, various active substances such as noble metal simple substances, metal compounds and complexes have directly grown or been coated on the surface of carbon cloth. When used as glucose sensors, they exhibit excellent stability and electrochemical performance.
In order to obtain electrode materials for enzyme free glucose sensors with excellent sensing performance, the nano needle like precursor was in-situ grown on the surface of carbon cloth (CC) by hydrothermal method, and then Co₂NiO₄ nano needle like array was obtained by heat treatment to construct the Co₂NiO₄@CC composite electrode system. XRD, SEM and BET were used to characterize the phase, morphology and structure of the composite electrode material. On this basis, glucose was detected in the 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution system using a self-built test platform. It shows good stability, wide linear range and excellent sensing performance. The test results show that the sensitivity of the Co2NiO4@CC electrode for glucose detection is 29.72 μA/(mM·cm²), detection linear range is 0.01 μM～11.5 mM, detection limit is 1.65 μM (S/N=3); the electrode material still retains 72.7% current response after 21 days of storage, and has excellent electrochemical sensing performance, good reusability and selectivity for glucose.
With the rapid development of nano materials and nano preparation technology, there are many innovative methods for the research of enzyme free glucose sensors. The adjustment of the structure, size, morphology and surface properties of nanomaterials will help to improve the sensitivity and selectivity of enzyme free glucose sensors. More importantly, the enzyme free electrochemical sensor based on nanocomposites breaks the limitations of enzyme sensors, and potentially becomes the next generation of sensing tools for low cost, high speed, and highly sensitive determination of glucose demand, promoting the development of glucose detection technology.

Key words: hydrothermal method, enzyme free glucose sensor, carbon cloth, nanowire, Co₂NiO₄@CC