关键词: 织机, 多臂开口, 织物电子纹板, 电磁推梭, 运动控制, 上位机

Abstract: With the rapid development of artificial intelligence in recent years, the transformation of weaving machinery toward intelligence has accelerated, and advanced information technologies and automation tools have been gradually applied to weaving machinery. The development of automated technology in Chinese weaving machines has shown strong momentum, with new technologies such as servo motor-driven dobby shedding, electromagnetic weft insertion devices, and dynamic tension control continuously emerging. However, due to the limited user base, the development of traditional heavy-duty wide-width shuttle looms has been slow. To address issues such as limited pattern organization, complex pattern changes, and significant machine vibration when people weave coarse fabrics like cotton, linen, and high-pile materials, modifications including servo dobby shedding and electromagnetic shuttle pushing mechanisms have been implemented. A corresponding loom control system based on an EtherCAT bus-type motion controller has been designed. To achieve precise coordination of the five key motions of the loom, a working circle diagram was plotted based on the operational status of the loom to determine the specific timing of each motion and design the control scheme. A sensor was installed on the main shaft of the loom to acquire real-time information about the rotation angle through a control system written in C#. According to the set fabric weave data, the movements of each mechanism were flexibly adjusted to precisely control the smooth lifting and lowering of the corresponding heald frames, electromagnetic shuttle pushing, take-up, let-off, and beating-up. Finally, an experimental platform was built to test and analyze the system's functions and optimize the system. Experiments showed that the system can effectively control the servo dobby shedding mechanism. By calling stored fabric pattern data and adjusting the timing and shedding motion parameters, the production of fabrics with arbitrary patterns can be achieved, meeting the enterprise's demand for linen fabric weaves. Meanwhile, free control of shuttle pushing, take-up, and let-off was realized, allowing flexible adaptation to multiple machine types. After motion curve optimization, the yarn breakage rate was significantly reduced, and noise caused by loom vibration was decreased. Coupled with extensive auxiliary functions, the weaving efficiency of coarse, high-twist, and rigid yarns was notably improved. The system mainly focuses on the shedding motion and weft insertion motion. In the later stage, in-depth research can be conducted on the control of warp tension in the take-up and let-off motions. Meanwhile, the control system's functions in auxiliary weaving can be continuously improved. During the weaving process, yarn breakage is difficult to detect, which affects the weaving efficiency. This system provides reference value for machine vision-based yarn breakage detection.

Key words: loom, dobby shedding, fabric electro-patterned board, electromagnetic shuttle pushing, motion control, host computer