关键词: 生物基锦纶56纤维, 桑蚕丝, 抗菌, 吸湿速干, 功能纺织品

Abstract: Driven by both consumption upgrading and sustainable development, multi-functional textiles that combine ecological benefits with health functions have emerged as a crucial direction for industrial transformation. This study focuses on bio-based polyamide 56 fiber (PA56), a novel biomass material, of which 45% of its raw materials are derived from renewable resources. It achieves long-lasting antibacterial functionality through modification with glutaric diamine-derived antibacterial agents and leverages the efficient hydration of free amide groups to create moisture absorption advantages. This study systematically constructs a PA56/mulberry silk interwoven fabric system to explore the potential of its antibacterial and moisture absorption properties through yarn blending ratios and structural design. The research not only provides data support for the industrial application of PA56 multi-functional fabrics, but also reveals the performance regulation mechanisms of bio-based composite materials from perspectives such as molecular bonding and fluid dynamics, opening up new technical pathways for the functional modification of textiles. In this study, PA56/silk interwoven fabrics were used as the experimental subjects, and a sample system comprising 20 groups with different weft blending ratios (gradient of PA56 mass fraction) and weave structures (honeycomb, weft-backed, 2/1 twill, and five-heddle satin weaves) was systematically constructed. Quantitative evaluations were conducted through indicators such as antibacterial rate, water absorption rate, and evaporation rate. A performance prediction model was built using curve fitting, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system was constructed for multi-dimensional performance analysis. The correlation mechanisms between yarn composition, weave structure, and the antibacterial and moisture absorption functionalities were analyzed to determine the optimal process parameters for the fabrics. The following conclusions were drawn from the research and analysis: the introduction of PA56 fibers significantly improved the antibacterial properties of the fabric. When the mass fraction of PA56 reached 100%, it exhibited the best inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli (antibacterial rate of 81.4%) and Staphylococcus aureus (antibacterial rate of 92.1%), with a more pronounced enhancement against Staphylococcus aureus. All samples containing PA56 met the standards for antibacterial products (antibacterial rate >70%). The fabrics' comprehensive moisture-absorping and quick-drying performance, from best to worst, was honeycomb weave, five-heddle satin weave, 2/1 twill weave, and weft-backed weave, with porosity and capillary effect being the core influencing factors. An increase in the mass fraction of PA56 led to an improvement in evaporation rate, an increase in wicking height, and a reduction in droplet spreading time. The comprehensive moisture-absorping and quick-drying performance was positively correlated with the proportion of PA56. An increase in the mass fraction of PA56 could simultaneously enhance the fabric's antibacterial and moisture-absorping and quick-drying properties. Additionally, the honeycomb weave achieved the best moisture-absorping and quick-drying effects due to its large surface area, high porosity, and 3D capillary network, verifying the universal performance-enhancing potential of bio-based polyamide 56 fibers in functional textiles.

Key words: bio-based polyamide 56 fiber, mulberry silk, antibacterial, moisture-absorbing and quick-drying, functional textiles