关键词: 煤矿环境, 个体防护, 过滤性能, 呼吸舒适性, 静电纺丝

Abstract: The control of coal mine dust is a critical issue for miners' occupational health and safety. To address the challenge of balancing high filtration efficiency and respiratory comfort in traditional protective filter materials, this study innovatively prepared a series of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/hydroxy-functionalized graphene (G−OH) composite nanofiber membranes using electrospinning technology, with PET as the matrix and G−OH as a functional additive. The influence of G−OH incorporation on the microstructure, surface properties, and comprehensive protective performance of the fiber membranes was systematically investigated. Material characterization via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the addition of G−OH effectively increased the conductivity of the spinning solution, reducing the average fiber diameter from 255 nm to 184 nm, while maintaining uniform fiber morphology without bead defects, successfully constructing a porous three-dimensional network structure. FTIR spectra confirmed the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups in G−OH and the carbonyl groups in PET, which is key to the stable structure and improved performance of the composite membrane. The application potential was evaluated through multi-dimensional performance tests. Contact angle measurements and Terahertz reflection imaging analysis jointly revealed that the PET/G−OH membrane exhibited excellent hydrophilicity, with water droplets being completely absorbed within two seconds, and moisture rapidly transmitting and diffusing within the membrane via capillary action. Its water vapor transmission rate reached a maximum of 5,756.186 g/m²·24h, significantly superior to pure PET membrane, indicating promising moisture permeability comfort. Regarding the core protective performance, when the basis weight of the fiber membrane was 58 g/m², the filtration efficiency for NaCl aerosol particles reached 99.53%, with an optimal quality factor, demonstrating high-efficiency filtration while maintaining relatively low breathing resistance. Furthermore, comparative human wear trials against commercial 3M 3701CN filter cotton designed for coal mines showed that subjects wearing the PET/G−OH filter experienced smaller heart rate fluctuations and higher oxygen uptake, proving its superior physiological comfort and oxygen utilization efficiency in real-use scenarios. In conclusion, the PET/G−OH composite nanofiber membrane developed in this work successfully integrates multiple advantages, including high particulate matter interception, high water vapor transmission, and low breathing resistance. It provides a feasible new material solution to resolve the conflict between "high filtration" and "high comfort" in personal protective equipment, showing broad application prospects in the field of individual protection against coal mine dust.

Key words: coal mine environment, personal protection, filtration performance, respiratory comfort, electrospun