Abstract: Polyester-cotton blended fabrics are prone to pilling and fuzzing after wearing or washing, which not only affects the appearance of the fabric but also significantly reduces its wearability and service life. The main method currently used to address this issue is resin finishing. However, this method tends to deteriorate the fabric's hand feel and impair its moisture absorption and air permeability.
In order to solve this problem, this study employed electrostatic atomization of pyrimidine compounds to treat polyester-cotton blended fabrics, uniformly encapsulating the pyrimidine compounds in the form of nanoparticles onto the fiber surface. The study systematically investigated the influence patterns of the mass percentage of pyrimidine compounds, electrostatic atomization voltage, electrostatic atomization speed, and electrostatic atomization time on the fabric's anti-pilling property. By further optimizing the process parameters, the optimal method for enhancing the anti-pilling property of polyester-cotton blended fabrics was obtained. In addition, a comparison was made between the impregnation method and the electrostatic atomization of pyrimidine compounds in terms of their effectiveness in improving the fabric's anti-pilling property.
The method of treating fabrics with electrostatic atomization of pyrimidine compounds adopted in this study did not affect the pores between the fibers, whereas the impregnation method could lead to the pores between the surface fibers being filled. Infrared spectroscopy tests fully demonstrated the successful cross-linking of pyrimidine compounds onto the polyester-cotton blended fabrics. As the mass percentage of pyrimidine compounds increased, the fabric's pilling grade showed the rule of increasing first and then decreasing. When the mass percentage of pyrimidine compounds was 12%, the fabric achieved the highest pilling grade of 4–5. With the increase in electrostatic atomization voltage, the fabric's pilling grade showed the rule of gradually increasing. At an electrostatic atomization voltage of 25 kV, the fabric reached the highest pilling grade of 4–5. As the electrostatic atomization speed increased, the fabric's anti-pilling property first improved and then decreased. The optimal anti-pilling property was achieved when the electrostatic atomization speed was 0.05 mL/min, with a pilling grade of 4–5. As the electrostatic atomization time increased, the fabric's anti-pilling property improved. At an electrostatic atomization time of 120 minutes, the fabric achieved the highest pilling grade of 5. The strength of fabrics treated by impregnation and electrostatic atomization methods both decreased, of which the fabrics treated by electrostatic atomization decreased less. The air permeability of fabrics treated with the impregnation method decreased more significantly, while the electrostatic atomization of pyrimidine compounds did not affect the fabric's air permeability. When the mass percentage of pyrimidine compounds was 12%, the atomization voltage was 25 V, the atomization speed was 0.05 mL/min, and the atomization time was 120 minutes, the polyester-cotton blended fabric achieved an optimal anti-pilling property with a pilling grade of 5. After 20 washes, the pilling grade remained at 4–5, indicating good durability.

Key words: blended fabric, polyester fiber, cotton fiber, fuzzing and pilling, pyrimidine compounds, electrostatic atomization

摘要： 涤棉混纺织物的起毛起球问题会降低其服用性能，缩短使用寿命。为了解决该问题，采用静电雾化嘧啶化合物对涤棉混纺织物表面进行处理，通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、拉伸强力机、起毛起球测试仪、透气仪等仪器对涤棉混纺织物的结构及性能进行表征和测试，探究嘧啶化合物质量百分数、静电雾化电压、静电雾化速度以及时间对织物抗起毛起球性能的影响规律。结果表明：当嘧啶化合物质量百分数为12%、雾化电压为25 V、雾化速度为0.05 mL/min、雾化时间为120 min时，涤棉混纺织物的抗起毛起球性能达到最优，起毛起球等级为4－5级，且静电雾化嘧啶化合物改性织物的强力损伤小于1%，透气性不受影响。研究结果为解决涤棉混纺织物的起毛起球问题提供了新思路。

关键词: 混纺织物, 涤纶纤维, 棉纤维, 起毛起球, 嘧啶化合物, 静电雾化