Abstract: As the application of nanofibers becomes increasingly widespread, research on methods for preparing nanofibers has also grown significantly, primarily encompassing electrospinning, melt-blowing spinning, phase separation, centrifugal spinning, and solution blow spinning technology (abbreviated as SBS). Among them, electrospinning technology has emerged as a hotspot in nanofiber preparation due to its advantages such as simple operation, excellent fiber-forming properties, and strong adaptability to spinning solutions.
However, the application of high-voltage electric fields limits the industrialization of electrospinning. Instead, SBS technology employs high-speed airflow to stretch polymer solutions instead of relying on electrostatic forces, achieving nanofiber formation without the dependency on high-voltage electric fields. Meanwhile, SBS technology has the more advantages than electrospinning, such as premium efficiency and huge prospects for industrialization. Thus, this technology has attracted more and more attention in recent years for nanofiber fabrication. However, current research and applications of SBS technology primarily use highly volatile organic solvents, and the use of low-volatility solvents (such as pure water) has always been a challenge. Especially in environments with high humidity, the moisture in the fibers cannot fully evaporate before reaching the collector, leading to inadequate stretching of the polymer molecules and affecting the fiber morphology. The selection of materials and processes suitable for aqueous solution SBS technology represents a significant breakthrough in achieving environmentally friendly solution blow spinning. 
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), as a good water-soluble degradable material, not only has good fiber forming performance and high chemical stability and biocompatibility, but also has a large number of negatively charged hydroxyl groups on the molecular chain. This makes it suitable for adsorbing heavy metal ions and chemical dyes, and it can also be functionalized through chemical modifications. In this study, water-soluble PVA is used as the raw material to explore SBS technology for aqueous solution, aiming to realize green and sustainable nanofiber preparing. By integrating condensation drying, adsorption drying, infrared heating, and other techniques with the solution blow spinning technology, the study reduces the impact of environmental humidity on the spinning performance of aqueous solutions. By optimizing parameters such as the mass fraction and properties of the spinning solution, traction air volume, and solution flow rate, the surface morphology and diameter distribution of PVA fibers are improved. Additionally, tartaric acid (TA) is used as a crosslinking agent to enhance the water resistance and thermal stability of PVA nanofibers. The research results expand the application of water-soluble nanofibers in catalysis, filtration, energy storage, sensing and biomedicine.

Key words: solution blow spinning, polyvinyl alcohol, nanofibers, crosslinking modification

摘要： 为了制备绿色、高效的水溶性纳米纤维，对以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料和以水为溶剂的溶液喷射纺丝技术进行了研究。结果发现：将冷凝干燥、吸附干燥和红外加热等技术与溶喷纺丝工艺集于一体，降低了环境湿度对水溶液纺丝性能的影响；调整纺丝液性质、优化牵引风量和溶液流速等参数，改善了PVA纤维的表面形貌；采用酒石酸(TA)作为交联剂，增强了纤维的耐水性和热稳定性。研究结果提升了PVA水溶液溶喷纺丝性能，拓宽了其在催化、过滤、储能、传感及生物医用等领域的应用前景。

关键词: 溶喷纺丝, 聚乙烯醇, 纳米纤维, 交联改性