关键词: 色纺纱, 空间混合, 色差, 有色黏胶, 织物孔隙, 纬编织物

Abstract: "Colored fibers are the basic units that constitute melange yarn and color-spun fabric, and they are also the fundamental elements for spatial color blending. The generation of spatial color blending effects is related to the distance between the observer and the fabric. When the observer holds the color-spun fabric or is in close proximity to it, the human eye can distinguish between the fibers of different colors in the melange yarn, perceiving that the fabric is not pure color but exhibits a sandwich effect. As the observer gradually moves away from the color-spun fabric, the sandwich effect gradually diminishes, and the color presented by the fabric tends to become more uniform. When the observer's distance from the fabric reaches a certain critical value, the sandwich effect completely disappears, and the human eye perceives the fabric as pure color, producing a spatial color blending effect. The distance between the observer and the fabric at this point is the critical visual distance for the spatial color blending effect. The evaluation methods for color difference in color-spun products include subjective evaluation through visual perception and objective evaluation through instrumental color measurement. However, color-spun products differ from general colorant blending or color light blending, and the results of subjective and objective evaluation methods are often inconsistent. For color-spun knitted fabrics, the reasons for the differences between subjective and objective color difference evaluation methods are related to the spatial color blending effect. Currently, there is no instrument or equipment that directly measures the critical visual distance for the spatial color blending effect, and related research is insufficient. To study the influencing factors of the critical visual distance for the spatial color blending effect in color-spun knitted fabrics, based on the analysis of the causes of the spatial color blending effect, 36 pieces of color-spun knitted fabrics were processed using five types of colored viscose fibers as raw materials, with different yarn finenesses, yarn twists, and fabric structures. The critical visual distance for the spatial color blending effect with different process parameters was predicted through the floating length of colored fibers and the pore spacing within the fabrics, and was verified using subjective evaluation through visual perception. The results show that the spatial color blending effect of color-spun knitted fabrics is closely related to fabric pores. The spatial color blending effect is not confined to the color blending on the fiber scale but also extends to the color blending on the coil scale. The impact of fabric pores gradually increases with the increase of visual distance, and the critical visual distance for the spatial color blending effect of the 36 samples is approximately 4.84 m. When the visual distance is between 2.59 m and 4.84 m, fabric pores are the main factors causing the sandwich effect in color-spun knitted fabrics. In addition, yarn and fabric parameters have an impact on the critical visual distance. Yarn fineness, yarn twist, and fabric structure are influenced by the floating length of colored fibers and the pore spacing within the fabrics, which in turn affect the critical visual distance. These findings serve as a solid foundation for the development work such as raw material selection, yarn design, and fabric structure design for color-spun knitted fabrics. They also offer valuable insights for enhancing the color matching model of melange yarn."

Key words: melange yarn, spatial blending, color difference, colored viscose, fabric porosity, weft knitted fabric