现代纺织技术

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柔性纺织传输线的制备和性能评价

  

  • 网络出版日期:2025-03-09

Preparation and performance evaluation of flexible textile transmission lines

  • Online:2025-03-09

摘要: 柔性纺织传输线(简称纺织传输线)作为电子纺织品系统中的关键组件,其重要性日益凸显。然而,目前针对纺织传输线的成形工艺及性能评价体系尚缺乏系统性的总结与归纳。首先基于信号传输类型和结构特征对纺织传输线进行了科学分类,系统梳理了其技术体系。随后,重点从纺纱、编织、刺绣等六种主要制备技术入手,深入剖析了不同工艺制备的传输线在结构特征和性能表现上的差异性。在此基础上,系统归纳了现有纺织传输线的性能测试方法与评价指标体系,为产品质量评估提供了科学依据。最后,针对当前纺织传输线在导电性、耐久性、舒适性等方面面临的技术瓶颈,提出了未来发展方向和突破路径。本研究旨在为纺织传输线的优化设计和先进制备提供理论指导和技术参考,从而推动电子纺织品向功能集成化和结构一体化方向快速发展。

关键词: 电子纺织品, 纺织传输线, 制备技术, 性能测试, 性能评价

Abstract: "The market size of electronic textiles is expanding daily, and they have been widely applied in various fields such as medicine, military, sports, and home furnishing. As emerging functional textile products that integrate the characteristics of electronic devices and textile materials, electronic textiles not only retain the comfort and popularity of traditional textiles, but also possess the interconnectivity of electronic products. In electronic textile systems, signal transmission is a crucial aspect, encompassing both wireless and wired transmission methods. Although wireless transmission offers greater flexibility, wired transmission remains an indispensable transmission method for the interconnection between electronic textiles, and between them and their proximal modules due to its stability, reliability and resistance to interference. To realize the flexibility and integration of textile transmission lines, researchers are committed to developing ideal transmission lines for electronic textiles that balance comfort with excellent signal transmission performance. Conventional low-frequency transmission lines, such as metal twisted pairs and electrical wires, are rigid in texture and difficult to meet the requirements of new electronic garments for transmission lines. Therefore, researchers are focused on developing flexible textile transmission lines by carefully selecting conductor materials, optimizing structural designs, and continuously innovating preparation techniques for conductive wires. Methods such as spinning, coating or compositing are employed to prepare conductive wires, which are then integrated into textile garments through embroidery, sewing, printing techniques, or directly by weaving or knitting, thereby achieving miniaturization of the transmission lines and integration with textiles. At present, substantial progress has been made in textile transmission lines for electronic textiles, but several challenges remain. Firstly, transmission lines prepared by existing technologies have certain defects in structure, and their transmission performance in terms of stability and reliability still lags behind widely used standard transmission lines, necessitating further optimization of the preparation process. Secondly, there are numerous and diverse testing methods, evaluation indexes and standards for transmission line performance, necessitating the establishment of unified evaluation criteria. Lastly, current research on textile transmission lines mostly focuses on single functions, and the development of integrated functional transmission lines tailored for different application scenarios will become one of the research hotspots. As single-function electronic textiles transition towards multi-function ones, the number of functional electronic devices increases, necessitating the development of multi-channel signal transmission modes. It is necessary to reduce the number of wires, simplify circuit layout, enhance the aesthetic appeal and comfort of garments, and meet the diverse needs of various application scenarios. Therefore, future research on transmission lines for electronic textiles will strive to address existing challenges and promote the functional integration and integration development of electronic textiles. This paper reviews the classification, preparation techniques, performance testing methods, and evaluation indexes of textile transmission lines for electronic textiles, providing technical reference for the design and preparation of signal transmission lines and outlining the prospects for future development."

Key words: electronic textiles, textile transmission lines, preparation techniques, performance testing, performance evaluation

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