氧化石墨烯改性碳玻混杂纤维增强复合材料的压缩性能

doi:10.19398/j.att.202104039

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究双轴向碳玻混杂复合材料压缩性能,采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑成型工艺(VARTM)制备不同质量分数的纳米氧化石墨烯(GO)改性碳玻混杂纤维复合材料试样,分析不同GO质量分数对碳玻混杂复合材料压缩性能的影响。结果表明:经GO改性后复合材料试样沿0°和90°方向压缩强度分别提高了12.24%和19.64%。以试样压缩性能为目标值,通过非线性拟合并经实验验证,表明最优GO质量分数为0.21%。试样微观断裂形貌图表明,经GO改性后复合材料纤维/基体界面结合面积与强度得到提高,可有效抑制纤维分层及界面脱黏,可见GO改性可以明显提高碳玻混杂纤维复合材料压缩性能。研究结果可为深入分析GO机理,提高混杂纤维复合材料力学性能提供一定的参考。

关键词: 氧化石墨烯改性, 碳玻混杂纤维, 复合材料, 压缩强度, 压缩模量, 非线性拟合

Abstract:

To investigate the compressive properties of biaxial carbon/glass hybrid fiber composite, graphene oxide (GO)modified carbon/glass hybrid fiber reinforced composite samples with different mass fractions were prepared using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM), and the impact of different GO mass fraction on the compressive properties of carbon/glass hybrid fiber composite was analyzed. The results showed that the compressive strength of the GO modified composite samples along the 0° and 90° directions was improved by 12.24% and 19.64%, respectively. As far as the compressive properties of the specimen are concerned the result was nonlinear fitted and verified by experiment, through nonlinear fitting and experimental verification, it was found that the optimal GO mass fraction is 0.21%. The microscopic sample fracture topography indicated that the interfacial bonding area and strength between fiber and matrix of GO modified composite were are improved, and fiber delamination and interfacial debonding were effectively inhibited. It revealed that through GO modification, the compressive properties of carbon/glass hybrid fiber composite can be significantly improved. The research results can provide a certain reference for in-depth analysis of GO mechanism and the improvement of the mechanical properties of hybrid fiber composites.

Key words: graphene oxide modification, carbon/glass hybrid fiber, composite, compressive strength, modulus of compression, nonlinear fitting

中图分类号:

TB332

陈嘉炜, 张宏伟, 高晓平. 氧化石墨烯改性碳玻混杂纤维增强复合材料的压缩性能[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2022, 30(2): 75-84.

CHEN Jiawei, ZHANG Hongwei, GAO Xiaoping. Compressive properties of graphene oxide modified carbon/glasshybrid fiber reinforced composite[J]. Advanced Textile Technology, 2022, 30(2): 75-84.

图/表 19

图1 双轴向(0°/90°)经编织物

Fig.1 Biaxial (0°/90°) warp knitted fabric

图2 增强体结构示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of reinforcement structure

表1 双轴向经编织物性能

Tab.1 Thebiaxial warp knitted fabric performance

织物种类	面密度/(g·m^-2)	纱线		线密度/tex	织造密度/(根数·(10cm)^-1)
CF(T700-12k)	200	经纱	碳纤维	800	20
		纬纱	碳纤维	800	39
		捆绑纱	玻纤	300	—
GF(E-玻纤)	1200	经纱	玻纤	2400	27
		纬纱	玻纤	1500	22
		捆绑纱	涤纶纱	83	—

表2 环氧树脂与固化剂特征

Tab.2 The characteristics of epoxy resin and curing agent

基体组分	外观(常温)	黏度/(MPa·s)	密度/(g·cm^-3)	燃点
NO.1-692-2A	透明澄清黏稠液体	1500	1.12	>150℃
NO.1-692-2B	黄色澄清液体	15	0.95	>120℃

图3 复合材料VARTM工艺流程

Fig.3 The VARTM process for composite materials

图4 GO的TEM图

Fig.4 TEM image of GO

图5 GO的傅里叶红外光谱图

Fig.5 The Fourier infrared spectrogram of GO

图6 基体的傅里叶红外光谱图

Fig.6 Fourier infrared spectrum of the matrix

图7 GO粉末的射线衍射图

Fig.7 X-Ray diffraction pattern of GO powder

表3 GO粉末的XRD

Tab.3 X-Ray diffraction of GO powder

参数	数值
θ/(°)	5.67
n	1
λ/nm	0.15416
B/rad	0.91
K	0.89

图8 不同质量分数GO改性环氧树脂热重性能

Fig.8 Thermogravimetric properties of GO modified epoxy resin with different mass fractions

图9 GO改性树脂静置情况

Fig.9 Standing condition of GO modified resin

图10 GO改性前后环氧树脂SEM图

Fig.10 SEM image of epoxy resin before and after GO modification

表4 不同GO填充量改性试样的压缩性能

Tab.4 Compressive properties of modified samples with different GO loadings

GO填充量的质量分数/%	测试方向	压缩强度/MPa	强度变化/%	压缩模量/GPa	模量变化/%
0	0°	382.33±5.33	—	3.56±0.21	—
0	90°	340.04±6.75	—	3.91±0.33	—
0.10	0°	404.25±7.03	5.73↑	4.26±0.25	19.66↑
0.10	90°	394.27±8.26	15.95↑	4.47±0.40	14.32↑
0.25	0°	429.14±10.32	12.24↑	4.92±0.32	38.20↑
0.25	90°	406.82±13.56	19.64↑	4.90±0.46	25.32↑
0.35	0°	388.49±8.32	1.61↑	4.78±0.23	34.27↑
0.35	90°	364.10±9.66	7.08↑	4.26±0.44	8.95↑

表5 不同GO改性质量分数试样压缩强度

Tab.5 Compressive strength of samples with different GO modified massfractions

测试方向	GO 改性质量分数/%
测试方向	0	0.10	0.25	0.35
0°	382.33	404.25	429.14	388.49
90°	340.04	394.27	406.82	364.1

图11 曲线拟合与最优值的确定

Fig.11 Curve fitting and determination of optimal value

表6 试样沿0°方向压缩性能拟合参数

Tab.6 Fitting parameters of the compression performance of the sample along the 0° direction

参数	数值	标准误差
A	23.50	0.00
y₀	407.12	3.39
φ	0.11	0.02

图12 压缩试样断裂形貌图

Fig.12 Fracture morphology map of compressed sample

图13 改性质量分数为0.21%的压缩试样断裂形貌图

Fig.13 The fracture morphology of the compressed sample with a modified GO mass fraction of 0.21%

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