Abstract: PVB is a polymer material that contains hydroxyl, ester, and acetal groups in macromolecules. The presence of hydroxyl groups makes PVB resin soluble in polar or strongly polar solvents, and can undergo cross-linking reactions with phenolic, urea formaldehyde, epoxy resins, etc., providing strong tear resistance and good bonding performance. The six membered ring structure of the acetal group affects the hardness, toughness, and crystallinity of PVB molecular chains. In addition, PVB resin also has excellent light resistance, water resistance, film forming ability, and impact resistance. The unique structural characteristics enable PVB to be applied in fields such as ceramic printing paper, adhesives, coatings, aluminum foil paper, artificial sponges, etc. However, the most important application field is the production of automotive safety glass sandwich membrane materials. In the event of glass being impacted and broken, the PVB sandwich acts as an energy absorber. This PVB is a high viscosity resin with a molecular weight between 100000 and 250000. Due to the rapid development of the automotive and construction industries, the demand for safety glass has been increasing year by year, which has also led to the accumulation of discarded PVB. Improper treatment can cause environmental pollution and waste of resources. At the same time, due to the pollution of the environment and the harm to health caused by organic solvents, non-toxic, harmless, and environmentally friendly water is used as a solvent to replace the organic solvent system in its application process. In its preparation process, low-cost modifiers and reaction systems should be used as much as possible to reduce reaction steps, increase product yield, and prepare low-cost and high-performance PVB modified products. This has important research significance and can achieve the green application of PVB. Due to the poor hydrophilicity of PVB resin, it can be improved through grafting modification. Maleic anhydride has excellent hydrophilicity and contains carbon carbon double bonds within the molecule, making it suitable for use in the field of blue light curing. Its reaction with PVB is mainly realized by esterification with hydroxyl in PVB after C−O−C bond breaks. Blue light curing technology is that excited state molecules absorb photothermal energy and then undergo chemical reaction to realize the curing of polymerization system. This technology is efficient, low consumption and environmental protection. In order to recover and reuse rPVB, PVB-M was obtained by modifying and grafting pure PVB with maleic anhydride and introducing double bonds. The coated fabric was prepared by UV curing coating technology. The structural characterization of PVB-M showed that the grafting reaction was successful. The polymerization performance of PVB modified by maleic anhydride was the best when the temperature was 70 ℃, the time was 6 h, the amount of maleic anhydride was 3 g, the mass fraction of photoinitiator system was 1%, and the mass ratio of PVB-M to HEA was 1:2. The polymerization performance and membrane mechanical properties of modified PVB were improved. The addition of kaolin promotes the mechanical properties of the light cured film, and the surface structure of the coating slurry applied to the fabric is uniform. On this basis, rPVB was modified to prepare rPVB-M, and the feasibility of its application on coated fabrics was explored. The results showed that there was no significant difference in their performance compared to PVB-M coated fabrics. Therefore, rPVB can be applied in the field of textile coating for recycling and reuse.

Key words: polyvinyl butyral, Maleic anhydride, Modification, Polymerization performance, Blue light curing

摘要： 针对目前废弃安全玻璃夹层中的废旧聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（Recycle polyvinyl butyral, rPVB）过度浪费的问题，为了更好地回收利用rPVB，对纯聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（Polyvinyl butyral, PVB）进行研究，采用马来酸酐（Maleic anhydride, MA）对PVB接枝改性，得到PVB-M，并采用红外光谱、核磁氢谱及X射线衍射对其结构进行表征。将PVB-M配置成光固化涂层浆，通过测试涂层浆聚合性能，探明PVB-M改性机理、最优改性工艺和最佳涂层浆配方，对比改性前后PVB涂层浆聚合性能和涂层膜力学性能，加入高岭土进一步探究涂层的力学性能和涂层织物表面结构；在此基础上，将该工艺应用于rPVB的回收再利用。结果表明：PVB最佳改性工艺为改性温度70 ℃、改性时间6 h、MA 3 g；光固化涂层浆配方为光引发体系质量分数1%、樟脑醌（Camphorquinone, CQ）与4-二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯（Ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, EDB）的质量比例为1∶1、PVB-M与丙烯酸羟乙酯（2-Hydroxyethylacrylate, HEA）的质量比例为1∶2。高岭土质量分数为35%时所制得的涂层织物表面结构均匀，遮盖性好。经对比发现，rPVB所制得的涂层织物表面结构与PVB涂层织物表面结构相似。综上表明rPVB可用于光固化涂层实现回收利用，从而实现资源节约和环保双赢。

关键词: 聚乙烯醇缩丁醛, 马来酸酐, 改性, 聚合性能, 蓝光固化