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Research progress on 3D spacer fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerators LIU Wenmiao, SONG Xiaoxia Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 123-133.   DOI: 10.12477j.att.202412016 Abstract （2042）      PDF （8046KB）（76）       Knowledge map    Save The triboelectric nanogenerator TENG is a novel energy harvesting technology that converts widely distributed low-frequency small and irregular mechanical energy into electrical energy based on the coupling effects of triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction.As an efficient sustainable and pollution-free power source it can provide a continuous energy supply for microelectronic devices.Textile-based TENGs possess good wearing comfort and hold great potential for widespread applications in the field of smart wearable technology.In recent years researchers have developed various textile-based TENGs that can be integrated into clothing through strategies such as fiber functionalization and fabric structure design.However these TENGs still suffer from limitations such as restricted contact area poor wearing comfort and inadequate durability.Three-dimensional spacer fabrics 3D-SF stand out among textile-based TENGs due to their special sandwich structure and compression-resilience properties.The porous layered structure and the resilience provided by the spacer layer in 3D-SF enable superior output performance compared to traditional planar fabric structures and their sandwich structure makes the integration of functional materials simple and feasible.The three-dimensional spacer fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator 3D-SF-TENG with advantages such as good wearing comfort softness lightweight nature structural flexibility and easy maintenance shows broad application prospects in the field of smart wearable devices.The majority of existing research on 3D-SF-TENG employs either the contact-separation or single-electrode working mode with a minority adopting the horizontal sliding mode.Different working modes exhibit process variations in the fabrication of the base fabric 3D-SF.The weaving method predominantly used for 3D-SF is knitting with warp knitting and weft knitting being the main fabrication processes.The preparation of dielectric materials and electrodes typically involves methods such as impregnation coating and direct weaving with functional yarns.Commonly selected dielectric materials include polydimethylsiloxane PMDS polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE and polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF while conductive materials mainly include carbon nanotubes graphene and metallic conductive ions.In addition the structural design of the fabric is also a key factor in the preparation of 3D-SF-TENG.By meticulously designing structural parameters such as yarn parameters thickness and area and the structure of the spacer layer the triboelectric charge surface density and compression resilience of the TENG can be enhanced so as to improve its triboelectric performance.3D-SF-TENG has great potential for applications in the field of smart wearable equipment it can convert the mechanical energy generated by human motion into electrical energy and its versatility enables it to be integrated with devices such as batteries capacitors and sensors paving the way for self-powered smart wearable systems.Finally potential areas for in-depth research on 3D-SF-TENG in the future include focusing on improving its performance and establishing more accurate theoretical models experimenting with dielectric materials that have better affinity for the human body and developing and designing fully flexible integrated smart sensing equipment and circuit management systems. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of high-elastic conductive yarn and its applications in wearable field GUO Shanshan, MIAO Jinlei, ZHU Shifeng, TIAN Mingwei, FAN Tingting, QU Lijun Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 96-104.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202412052 Abstract （1594）      PDF （9123KB）（58）       Knowledge map    Save With the advent of the 5G era various smart devices and terminal products have entered people's lives.The development of flexible smart wearable devices in health medical and other fields has become a key area of focus.Especially with the intensifying aging of the population there is a strong demand for smart wearable electronic devices used for health management.Compared to traditional rigid and bulky devices these lightweight and flexible wearable electronic devices can better adapt to the curved surfaces of human skin and organs.However under significant mechanical deformations the conductive networks of wearable electronic devices can gradually break or fail due to stress.Therefore the preparation of stretchable electronic devices that simultaneously possess high mechanical elasticity and stable conductivity remains a challenge.Textile materials with their excellent flexibility tensile strength and stretch recovery are outstanding substrate materials for the preparation of flexible smart devices.Among them one-dimensional fibrous structures exhibit superb adaptability to arbitrary mechanical deformations compared to two-dimensional and three-dimensional structures.Furthermore one-dimensional elastic fibers can be woven or knitted into large-scale fabrics meeting the urgent needs for smart clothing.Cotton/spandex core-spun yarn featuring a helical structure that enables large mechanical deformations serves as an ideal substrate material.The coating method is commonly used for constructing fibrous stretchable conductors.However conductive fibers prepared by surface coating face issues such as weak interfacial interaction easy detachment of the conductive coating from the fiber and low mechanical durability.Fortunately MXene with its high conductivity and abundant functional groups can effectively address issues such as weak interfacial interaction thereby enabling the construction of a highly interconnected conductive network on the fiber surface.In this paper conductive nanomaterials were combined with high-elasticity yarns using cotton/spandex core-spun yarn as the substrate material.Conductive networks were constructed by coating the yarn surface with MXene dispersions of different concentrations successfully fabricating highly elastic and highly conductive yarn.Based on the helical structure of this high-elastic conductive yarn it can effectively transfer and dissipate external loads resist mechanical deformations such as bending twisting and stretching while maintaining its highly stable electromechanical properties.The results show that the prepared high-elastic conductive yarn not only exhibits excellent mechanical stretchability(200%)but also demonstrates outstanding electromechanical and thermal properties under high mechanical deformations.Furthermore this high-elastic conductive yarn exhibits prominent photothermal and electrothermal responses to optical/electrical stimuli making it particularly useful in personalized thermal comfort and healthcare physiotherapy applications.Testing results indicate that this high-elastic conductive yarn has broad application prospects in personal thermal management textiles and smart wearable devices. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and application progress of nanofiber-coated yarns in the field of flexible sensors WANG Xiaohu, BAO Anna, HONG Jianhan Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 21-29.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202501010 Abstract （1233）      PDF （13856KB）（128）       Knowledge map    Save Nanofibers, with their characteristics of high porosity and large specific surface area,significant potential in various fields. By integrating nanofibers with traditional yarns, nanofiber-coated yarns(NCY) have been developed. They combine the structural advantages of nanofibers with the mechanical properties of conventional yarns, thereby optimizing their applications in areas such as flexible sensors, bioengineering, and thermal and moisture management. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the preparation methods,structural characteristics, applications, and future hallenges of NCY The preparation of NCY primarily involves two steps: nanofiber production and coating. Common methods for nanofiber production include electrospinning and solution blowing. Electrospinning is widely used due to its versatility, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness, and has given rise to techniques such as water bath electrospinning. self-assembly with auxiliary electrodes, air-assisted electrospinning, and conjugate electrospinning to meet specific structural requirements. Although solution blowing offers high production efficiency, it poses challenges controlling the morphology of the nanofibers. In terms of applications, NCY shows broad prospects in the field of flexible sensors. Flexible sensors, composed of a flexible ubstrate and conductive materials,Call detect environmental changes such as pressure, temperature, and humidity. With its high specific surface area, flexibility, and durability, NCY has been successfully integrated into capacitive, resistive, and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) sensors. In capacitive sensors, the layered structure of NCY allows it to serve simultaneously as an electrode and a dielectrie layer, driving the development of highly sensitive and flexible sensors for applications in speech recognition and motion detection. In resistive sensors, NCY is employed to detect changes in resistance caused by external stimuli such as pressure, strain, and gases. The high specific surface area of the nanofibers enhances sensor sensitivity, while the mechanical properties of the core yarn improve durability. For instance, strain sensors based on NCY exhibit high sensitivity and a wide detection range, making them suitable for applications in health monitoring and robotics. In TENG sensors, the multi-layered structure and high specific surface area of NCY make it an ideal material. TENGs based on NCY can generate electricity from human motion, offering new possibilities for wearable electronie devices and self-powered sensors. Despite significant progress in the research of NCY, several challenges remain. Its production process is complex and costly, necessitating the development of more efficient and scalable manufacturing methods. Additionally, the integration of NCY into functional devices requires addressing issues of material compatibility and long-term stability. Future research should focus on optimizing the preparation processes and enhancing sensor performance, among other issues. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors of anti-pilling property of polyester-cotton blended fabrics modified by electrostatic atomization XIAO Qi, QU Jing, GAO Zhe, PENG Jiajia Advanced Textile Technology    0, (): 59-67.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202410001 Abstract （361）      PDF （6774KB）（22）       Knowledge map    Save Polyester-cotton blended fabrics are prone to pilling and fuzzing after wearing or washing, which not only affects the appearance of the fabric but also significantly reduces its wearability and service life. The main method currently used to address this issue is resin finishing. However, this method tends to deteriorate the fabric's hand feel and impair its moisture absorption and air permeability. In order to solve this problem, this study employed electrostatic atomization of pyrimidine compounds to treat polyester-cotton blended fabrics, uniformly encapsulating the pyrimidine compounds in the form of nanoparticles onto the fiber surface. The study systematically investigated the influence patterns of the mass percentage of pyrimidine compounds, electrostatic atomization voltage, electrostatic atomization speed, and electrostatic atomization time on the fabric's anti-pilling property. By further optimizing the process parameters, the optimal method for enhancing the anti-pilling property of polyester-cotton blended fabrics was obtained. In addition, a comparison was made between the impregnation method and the electrostatic atomization of pyrimidine compounds in terms of their effectiveness in improving the fabric's anti-pilling property. The method of treating fabrics with electrostatic atomization of pyrimidine compounds adopted in this study did not affect the pores between the fibers, whereas the impregnation method could lead to the pores between the surface fibers being filled. Infrared spectroscopy tests fully demonstrated the successful cross-linking of pyrimidine compounds onto the polyester-cotton blended fabrics. As the mass percentage of pyrimidine compounds increased, the fabric's pilling grade showed the rule of increasing first and then decreasing. When the mass percentage of pyrimidine compounds was 12%, the fabric achieved the highest pilling grade of 4–5. With the increase in electrostatic atomization voltage, the fabric's pilling grade showed the rule of gradually increasing. At an electrostatic atomization voltage of 25 kV, the fabric reached the highest pilling grade of 4–5. As the electrostatic atomization speed increased, the fabric's anti-pilling property first improved and then decreased. The optimal anti-pilling property was achieved when the electrostatic atomization speed was 0.05 mL/min, with a pilling grade of 4–5. As the electrostatic atomization time increased, the fabric's anti-pilling property improved. At an electrostatic atomization time of 120 minutes, the fabric achieved the highest pilling grade of 5. The strength of fabrics treated by impregnation and electrostatic atomization methods both decreased, of which the fabrics treated by electrostatic atomization decreased less. The air permeability of fabrics treated with the impregnation method decreased more significantly, while the electrostatic atomization of pyrimidine compounds did not affect the fabric's air permeability. When the mass percentage of pyrimidine compounds was 12%, the atomization voltage was 25 V, the atomization speed was 0.05 mL/min, and the atomization time was 120 minutes, the polyester-cotton blended fabric achieved an optimal anti-pilling property with a pilling grade of 5. After 20 washes, the pilling grade remained at 4–5, indicating good durability. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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ontinuous fabrication and high-performance processing of carbon nanotube fibers HUANG Wenbin, YAN Yongjie, NI Qingqing, Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (09): 98-107.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202503016 Abstract （325）      PDF （16504KB）（86）       Knowledge map    Save This study explores the continuous and scalable fabrication of high-performance carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs). The process starts with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and continues with post-treatment to enhance the structure and properties of the fibers. In the CVD stage, two main parameters—nozzle temperature and drawing speed—are adjusted to control CNT alignment and fiber morphology. A higher nozzle temperature promotes CNT growth and orientation. A faster drawing speed helps reduce internal defects and improves structural uniformity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to observe the CNT packing inside the fibers. Tensile tests and conductivity measurements are performed to evaluate the mechanical and electrical properties. The experimental results show that the optimal processing conditions are a nozzle temperature of 500 °C and a drawing speed of 15 mm/min. Under these parameters, CNTF achieves a tensile strength of 283 MPa, a Young's modulus of 1.63 GPa, and an electrical conductivity of 2.48 × 10⁵S/m. The maximum continuous fiber length exceeds 3,000 meters. This confirms the stability and reproducibility of the optimized CVD process. SEM images reveal that the CNTs are well-aligned and tightly packed, which supports better load transfer and smoother electron pathways in the fibers. After fiber formation, post-treatment is applied to further improve performance. The CNTFs are soaked in chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) for 60 seconds. This step softens the structure and promotes rearrangement of the nanotube bundles. Then, a pre-tension of 2.5 cN is applied and maintained for 6 hours to lock in the alignment. Finally, the fibers undergo 20 cycles of rolling compression with stepwise increasing pressure. This treatment improves inter-tube contact, removes internal voids, and makes the fibers more compact. After post-processing, the tensile strength of CNTF increases to 2.6 GPa, with a Young's modulus of 41.8 GPa, and the electrical conductivity improves to 3.83 ×10⁶ S/m. These values approach the theoretical performance limits of CNTs. The method developed in this work provides a simple and reliable way to produce CNTF for use in flexible electronics, aerospace materials, and other advanced composites. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A review and prospects of research on apparel demand forecasting at home and abroad: Visualization analysis based on CiteSpace CHEN Qiuhan, CAI Liling, MEI Jingjing, SHEN Xinyue Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (09): 20-30.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202501002 Abstract （315）      PDF （15867KB）（42）       Knowledge map    Save Through a visual analysis of research in the field of clothing demand forecasting at home and abroad, this study aims to understand relevant research hotspots and development trends, offering  reference for future research in this area domestically. Based on relevant literature from the core database of Web of Science (WoS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) on clothing demand forecasting, research literature from 2004 to 2024 was collected and analyzed. By using the bibliometric analysis software CiteSpace, statistical analysis was conducted across multiple dimensions such as the evolutionary process and keyword clustering, and knowledge maps were drawn to analyze the research overview, hotspots, and development trends in the field of clothing demand forecasting. The results show that the relevant research primarily focuses on the following four main areas. The first area is product development and fashion forecasting, which includes predictions of consumers' clothing preferences and fashion trends, as well as research on how fashion trend forecasting can effectively guide the clothing design process. The second area is supply chain management and demand forecasting. The research focuses on exploring how to optimize supply chain management processes and mitigate risks such as overproduction and stockouts through demand forecasting, and categorizes demand forecasting methods based on the popularity level of apparel products. The third area is brand clothing and sales forecasting, where relevant research primarily predicts the sales performance of brand clothing based on market data and consumer behavior. The fourth area is consumer psychology and behavior forecasting, where research focuses on analyzing how to incorporate consumers' personal preferences, psychological factors, purchasing behaviors, etc., into forecasting models to improve prediction accuracy. Finally, the future research directions in the field of clothing demand forecasting are summarized. Future research can unfold in multiple directions. The first is the development of intelligent forecasting systems, where researchers can enhance the intelligence level of forecasting systems by introducing artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. Second, refining forecasting models is also an important direction for future research, requiring models to improve their accuracy and adaptability. Meanwhile, researchers should consider integrating multiple data sources such as social media, e-commerce platforms, and consumer behavior to ensure data diversity, so as to enhance the accuracy of forecasting models. Lastly, with the increasingly diverse preferences of consumers, personalized demand forecasting that accurately predicts the specific needs and preferences of different customer groups will play an increasingly important role in optimizing sales forecasts and driving the success of apparel businesses. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and properties of boron nitride/nanocellulose-modified cool cotton fabrics SHEN Yuanhui, SONG Yufan, YANG Lei, SHEN Yifeng, JIANG Fang Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 52-58.   DOI: 10.12477/j. att.202409041 Abstract （284）      PDF （11665KB）（26）       Knowledge map    Save As global warming intensifies and summer temperatures rise, people's demand for comfort and coolness in summer clothing has been increasing year by year. However, the cool feeling performance, breathability and comfort of existing textiles on the market is generally poor. Traditional cotton fabrics, while excellent in moisture absorption and breathability and suitable for summer wear, have a low thermal conductivity, resulting in poor cool feeling performance when used alone. This makes it difficult to meet people's demand for a cool sensation in high-temperature environments. Hence, the research and development of cotton fabrics with cool feeling function holds broad prospects.  To develop cotton fabrics with a cool feeling effect, one approach is to introduce high thermal conductivity fillers to construct thermal conduction pathways, so as to enhance the overall thermal conductivity of the cotton fabric to achieve the desired coolness. In our study, functional BN (FBN) was synthesized using an ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation method, and further functionalized with nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). FBN/nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) solutions were prepared by blending different concentrations of FBN powder with a uniform dispersion of NFC. Meanwhile, h-BN solutions of the same concentrations were prepared as control experiments. The two prepared boron nitride solutions were then applied to cotton fabrics through a double-dip and double-nip process, followed by heat-setting at 120℃ for 90 seconds, ultimately yielding two types of modified cotton fabrics with boron nitride solutions. After comparing the thermal conductivity, cool feeling performance, mechanical properties, and other properties of the original cotton fabric, h-BN modified cotton fabrics, and FBN/NFC modified cotton fabrics, it was found that the FBN/NFC modified cotton fabric prepared under this process had an in-plane thermal conductivity of 6.93 W/(m·K), approximately 3.96 times higher than that of the original cotton fabric. Through finite element simulations of their heat transfer process, the FBN/NFC modified cotton fabric exhibited higher heat flux vectors and a broader temperature distribution, indicating its enhanced heat transfer capability. The cool feeling coefficient of the FBN/NFC modified cotton fabric was 0.27 J/(cm²·s), exceeding the national standard and aligning with the trend of increased thermal conductivity. This indicated that the cotton fabrics modified by FBN/NFC solution could effectively transfer human heat, accelerate the rate of heat dissipation, and bring a cool and comfortable feeling to the human body. After modification with FBN/NFC solution, the hydrophilicity of cotton fabrics was enhanced, while its breathability slightly decreased. Additionally, the modification with the FBN/NFC solution had minimal impact on the mechanical properties of the cotton fabric, which remained high-strength and low-elongation after modification.  The above results indicate that the cotton fabric, after being treated with a 10% mass fraction FBN/NFC solution through a double dipping and double nipping process, followed by heat-setting at 120℃ for 90 seconds, exhibits significant improvements in both thermal conductivity and cool feeling coefficient compared to the original cotton fabric. FBN/NFC modified cotton fabrics can be practically applied as cool feeling textiles for personal heat management and this offers certain guiding significance for the design of cool feeling textiles. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the preparation methods and application of conductive bacterial cellulose CHEN Daibin, MAKAME Hafsa Machano, YE Xiangyu, ZHU Feichao, FANG Yan Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 1-11.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411009 Abstract （272）      PDF （8622KB）（93）       Knowledge map    Save With the continuous development of society and the increasing focus on health issues, research on real-time monitoring of human health status through smart textiles and energy supply for wearable electronic devices has gained significant attention. The core of smart textile research is centered on the design and development of conductive flexible substrate materials. Currently, various types of conductive flexible substrate materials used in the manufacture of smart textiles have been extensively studied, including metallic materials, carbon-based fiber materials, and polymer composites. However, existing materials often struggle to balance multiple advantages such as mechanical strength, washability, structural stability, and environmental friendliness. Bacterial cellulose (BC), a three-dimensional networked natural polymer nanofiber material synthesized through microbial fermentation, is primarily composed of glucose units linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Due to its numerous advantages such as high purity, high crystallinity, high water retention capacity, high air permeability, high specific surface area, outstanding mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and superior biodegradability, BC has become a hotspot in the international research field of bio-based materials. However, natural BC lacks electrical conductivity, which limits its application in smart textiles. Therefore, modifying BC through physical or chemical methods to prepare conductive BC functional materials has become the key focus of current research. Currently, the preparation methods for conductive BC functional materials mainly focus on three technological pathways domestically and internationally: in-situ modification, post-functionalization modification, and blending-regeneration modification. In-situ modification can achieve controlled material structure, but during static fermentation, conductive nanofillers are prone to settling, leading to uneven distribution within the modified material. Additionally, blending modification may compromise the material's superior mechanical properties. Post-functionalization modification does not alter the intrinsic properties of the material, but physically adsorbed conductive coatings are often unstable, and the amount of chemically grafted conductive coatings is relatively low. The blending-regeneration modification method ensures uniform distribution of the conductive component in the composite material and exhibits good service performance stability. However, the high crystallinity of BC makes it difficult to dissolve, and the high viscosity of the solution limits further processing. Each modification approach has its distinct advantages and disadvantages. This paper comprehensively summarizes the preparation methods, principles, advantages, and disadvantages of conductive BC, and delves into the applications of this material in the field of smart textiles, particularly in areas such as supercapacitors, wearable devices, motion assistance, and health management. It aims to provide valuable guidance and innovative ideas for researchers engaged in basic research on conductive BC and the development of smart textiles. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Improvement of the thread take-up mechanism and its thread optimization based on an one-sided sewing device LING Yufeng, HE Junjie, WANG Tianqi, WANG Haoxuan Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 35-43.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411023 Abstract （270）      PDF （13529KB）（37）       Knowledge map    Save One-sided-stitching techniques can enhance the mechanical properties of composites in the vertical direction, improve the interlaminar damage tolerance, and have the advantages of flexible operating space and applicability to a wide range of structural components. The one-sided stitching device is prone to several phenomena such as missing hook, slackness of the stitching, tightness of the stitching and inaccurate stitching distance during the stitching process, which results in poor stitch quality and low success rate of the stitching.  On the basis of analyzing the working principle of the one-sided sewing device, the mathematical model of the thread take-up mechanism is improved based on the concept of balancing the supply and demand of the seam quantity, and the parameter analysis is carried out by using the Matlab software to meet the synergy between the supply quantity of the stitching of the thread take-up mechanism and the seam quantity required for sewing. Combined with the designed layout of the thread path, the stable molding conditions of one-sided sewing stitches are improved. The experiment is divided into three groups, namely, no thread take-up mechanism group, additional thread take-up mechanism group and improved experiment group. The position of the nut of the tension adjuster is controlled to change the spring preload force, so as to maintain the same stitch tension in each group before the start of the experiment, and to investigate the influence of the thread path layout on the stitch. The experimental materials are woolen felt, carbon fiber fabric, composite sponge, PVC leather and glass fiber fabric, and the thickness of the materials is about 1.5 mm. Specifically, the carbon fiber fabric and glass fiber fabric are stacked, the thickness is about 1.2‒1.5 mm. In these three parts of the experiment, 10 stitches, 20 stitches, 30 stitches, 40 stitches and 50 stitches are sewn in order, with a total of five groups of stitches, and each stitch is sewn three times and the average value is taken as the experimental results. The experimental results show that the improved experimental group shows significant improvement in the quality of the thread stitches compared with the no thread take-up mechanism group and the additional thread take-up mechanism group. There are significant differences in stitching success rates under different experimental materials, with PVC leather having the best stitching effect. The improved device significantly improves the seam quality and verifies the rationality of the structural design of the unilateral sewing device. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of fabric-based conductive composites and their application progress in electroluminescent devices ZHANG Ning, YANG Qun, SU Juan, ZHOU Siyu, LI Ruimiao, WANG Jiping Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 1-9.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411042 Abstract （268）      PDF （7682KB）（53）       Knowledge map    Save With the development of smart wearable devices and flexible electronics, electroluminescent devices, characterized by high brightness, low energy consumption, and fast response, have gradually become a research hotspot. Electroluminescent devices not only provide rich visual information and immersive experiences but also offer excellent comfort and portability. They exhibit broad application prospects, especially in various fields such as smart clothing, health monitoring, smart homes and display technology. Fabric-based conductive composites, known for their lightweight, breathable, flexible and freely cuttable properties, offer significant design freedom and comfort for wearable devices. By integrating with various luminescent elements, these composites can provide stable electrical support for electroluminescent devices. Such materials can be obtained through methods such as coating, impregnation, in-situ polymerization, lamination, 3D printing, and electrospinning. Combining fabric-based conductive composites with electroluminescent devices through techniques such as scraping, spraying, hot pressing, and printing allows for the preparation of flexible, conductive, fabric-based electroluminescent devices that integrate the flexibility of fabrics with electroluminescent effects. These devices can conform to the contours of the human body, maintaining stable luminescent performance even under bending, stretching, deformation, and puncturing, and can withstand high temperatures, high humidity environments, and repeated washing. Therefore, they have broad applications in fields like fashion design, smart homes, health monitoring, and motion tracking. Despite some progress in the application of fabric-based conductive composites in electroluminescent devices, several challenges and issues remain. These primarily include poor material stability and durability, difficulties in combining rigid materials with textile materials, limited battery life, feasibility concerns for large-scale production, and cost control. With the introduction of new materials and technologies, particularly the convergence of smart textiles with the Internet of Things, fabric-based conductive composites and electroluminescent devices are poised to embrace new opportunities for application. Driven by these opportunities, it is imperative to overcome the challenges of material stability and durability, and further optimize manufacturing costs and processes. Furthermore, environmental friendliness and recyclability will become important considerations. To address these challenges, it is necessary to systematically analyze the technical bottlenecks in the wearable industry, enhance material performance, and develop conductive composites with higher stability and durability. Meanwhile, by introducing automated and intelligent production equipment, production efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, optimizing the preparation process by simplifying it and selecting more economical materials while ensuring performance will be crucial. In the future, electroluminescent devices are poised to play a greater role in display technology, lighting, and wearable electronic devices.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on structural design of textile materials for sound absorption CHEN Jiahao, ZHU Peiwen, HUANG Shumin, LUO Jiamei, CHEN Zetao, PENG Lu Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (12): 1-10.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202503011 Abstract （258）      PDF （8445KB）（109）       Knowledge map    Save Compared to traditional sound-absorbing materials, textile materials possess advantages such as flexibility, lightweight, and processability, which endow them with significant potential for application in noise reduction. In recent years, the integrated use of multiple sound-absorbing mechanisms to design and fabricate textile materials has become a research hotspot. To clarify the structure-performance relationship between sound-absorbing structures and the sound-absorbing performance of textile materials, this paper comprehensively summarizes the sound-absorbing structures of textile materials used for sound absorption, with a focus on the impact of fiber structure design and internal architecture design of the substrate on the sound-absorbing performance of textile materials. Furthermore, based on acoustic theory, an in-depth exploration of the sound-absorbing structure design of textile composites is conducted. These efforts provide new insights for the design of fiber-based textile composite sound-absorbing structures. This paper reviews the research progress of textile composite sound-absorbing materials from the perspective of sound-absorbing structure design. For textile materials, the structural design of fibers significantly improves the sound-absorbing performance by enhancing the interaction between fibers and sound waves, while the internal structure design further improves sound absorption capability by increasing the contact area between the structure and sound waves. For textile composite sound-absorbing materials, porous-porous composite sound-absorbing structures utilize the differences in acoustic impedance between materials to complicate the propagation path of sound waves between adjacent layers, thereby substantially attenuating sound energy. Unlike porous-porous composite sound-absorbing structures, membrane-porous composite sound-absorbing structures, as well as microperforated-porous composite sound-absorbing structures, integrate porous, resonant, and damping sound-absorbing structures, achieving synergistic sound absorption through multiple mechanisms. This multi-mechanism sound absorption enables composite noise-reducing materials to exhibit excellent noise reduction performance across a wide frequency range. Although the structural design of textile composite sound-absorbing materials plays a significant role in enhancing their sound dissipation capability, the overall sound-absorbing effect is the result of the synergistic interaction of each layer within the structure. Therefore, further optimization of the design of textile composite sound-absorbing materials is crucial for the development of compact dimensions, broadband performance, and high efficiency textile noise-reducing products. Currently, research on the sound-absorbing performance of textile composite materials has made notable progress, but there are still several pressing issues that need to be addressed. Firstly, the sound-absorbing mechanisms of textile composite structures are complex, and related theoretical models require further derivation and experimental validation. Secondly, the design and research of high-performance textile composite sound-absorbing materials need to be deepened to achieve industrial-scale manufacturing and meet practical application demands. Looking ahead, research on textile composite sound-absorbing materials will evolve towards multidisciplinary convergence. By combining the latest advancements in acoustics, materials science, and textile engineering, it is anticipated that more efficient, environmentally sustainable, and economically viable sound-absorbing materials will be developed. Additionally, with the progress in processing technologies, the production processes of textile composite sound-absorbing materials will be further optimized, thereby reducing costs and enhancing their market competitiveness. Ultimately, these innovations will lay a solid foundation for the widespread application of textile composite sound-absorbing materials in fields such as architecture, transportation, and industry, while facilitating the green transition and sustainable development of noise mitigation technologies. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and thermal insulation performance of dual-phase ceramic nanofiber sponges LIANG Yuan, XU Shiyi, ZHAO Xiaoyu, ZHANG Tong, ZHANG Meng Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (09): 39-48.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202504024 Abstract （255）      PDF （21776KB）（66）       Knowledge map    Save With the rapid development of fields such as aerospace, national defense and military industry, and deep-sea exploration, the research and development of thermal protection materials for extreme environments (ultra-high temperature, strong radiation, severe thermal shock) has emerged as one of the core topics in the international field of materials science. Three-dimensional porous ceramic nanomaterials (such as aerogels and sponges) are considered as ideal candidate materials for the next generation of thermal protection systems due to their high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and low density. However, the inherent drawbacks of ceramic materials, including high brittleness and poor mechanical stability, make them prone to catastrophic fracture under thermo-mechanical coupling conditions, severely restricting their engineering applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new types of ceramic nanofiber materials that possess flexibility and mechanical strength at high temperatures. This paper proposed a dual-phase toughening mechanism, in which amorphous silica was introduced as a second phase into the zirconia system to inhibit the ZrO2 crystalline phase transformation and crack propagation, thereby effectively improving the performance of ceramic materials. Firstly, by adjusting the Zr/Si molar ratio in the spinning solution, ZrxSi(1-x)O2 ceramic nanofiber membranes with gradient density were prepared. The differences in their microscopic morphology and macroscopic mechanical properties were compared, and a Zr0.5Si0.5O2 dual-phase ceramic nanofiber membrane with excellent comprehensive performance was obtained. On this basis, by further utilizing conjugate electrospinning technology and the polarization effect, the rapid preparation of an integrated, fluffy dual-phase ceramic nanofiber sponge was achieved. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of self-crimped fibers and the dual-phase structure, this material achieved a coupled optimization of flexibility and thermal insulation performance. The experimental results show that when the Zr/Si molar ratio is 1:1, the mechanical properties of the dual-phase ceramic nanofiber membrane reach an optimal state, with a strain of 2.5%, a tensile strength of 0.18 MPa, and a toughness of 10.39 MJ/m3. Furthermore, by employing conjugate electrospinning technology and a high-temperature calcination process, an integrated, self-crimped dual-phase ceramic nanofiber sponge was prepared. The single fibers in this sponge exhibit a coexisting crystalline/amorphous dual-phase structure. The incorporation of the amorphous phase SiO2 effectively inhibits the growth of ZrO2 grain size, mitigates the structural fission of martensitic transformation in ZrO2 fibers during temperature fluctuations, and significantly enhances the flexibility of the fibers, resulting in a curvature radius of 1.13 μm for single fibers. At the same time, the fluffy, arched layer structure of the sponge can store more stagnant air, which greatly enhances its thermal insulation performance, lowering its thermal conductivity to as low as 27.8 mW/(m K). Additionally, the sponge demonstrates resilience under high-temperature conditions, making it an ideal candidate material for high-temperature thermal protection in aerospace applications and structural thermal insulation in extreme operating conditions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of tension on the coating effect and performance of air-jet vortex-spun viscose/nylon/polyester filament core-spun yarns YANG Yu, WU Junnian, GONG Zhenghui, FU Jiajia, LU Yuzheng Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 26-34.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411036 Abstract （253）      PDF （4918KB）（40）       Knowledge map    Save Air-jet vortex spinning technology is characterized by a short production process, high speed and efficiency, as well as low labor requirements. Additionally, the yarns produced exhibit low hairiness, good abrasion resistance, and resistance to pilling. However, the yarn strength is only about 80% of that of ring-spun yarns. Producing core-spun yarns using air-jet vortex spinning equipment not only retains the advantages of vortex spinning but also leverages filament yarns to enhance yarn strength. This approach compensates for the lower strength of air-jet vortex-spun yarns while preserving the characteristics of the outer fibers, making it practically significant for improving yarn performance. This study primarily focuses on 17.2 tex air-jet vortex-spun viscose/nylon/polyester filament core-spun yarns as the research object, conducting single-factor experiments on core filament pre-tension and feed ratio. Under a feed ratio of 0.98, five tensioner settings (levels 1–5) were selected to produce samples. At tensioner level 4, feed ratios of 0.94, 0.96, 1.0, and 1.02 were chosen for sample production. The study focuses on the effects of core filament pre-tension and feed ratio on the tension distribution of different components in the air-jet vortex-spun core-spun yarn. It further explores how these tension changes influence yarn structure, coverage performance, and yarn quality, with the ultimate goal of optimizing the final yarn quality. For evaluating the coverage performance, black core filaments were used during spinning to facilitate the observation of exposed filaments. Single-sided images of vortex-spun core-spun yarn were processed using threshold segmentation. Appropriate thresholds (75 and 145) were applied to segment the images, allowing the measurement of the exposed core filament area on one side and the total yarn area. The coverage coefficient was then calculated to quantitatively analyze the coverage performance of air-jet vortex-spun core-spun yarn. The study results indicate that the spinning segment tension of air-jet vortex-spun core-spun yarn is jointly influenced by the feed ratio and core filament pre-tension, showing a positive correlation. The ratio of core filament tension to wrapping fiber tension in the spinning segment significantly affects the yarn structure. When the ratio is too low, the core filament tends to bend and form loops, whereas when the ratio is too high, the outer wrapping fibers are prone to peeling and forming loops. Furthermore, excessively high or low ratios result in asynchronous breaking of the components in the air-jet vortex-spun core-spun yarn, leading to multiple peaks in the stress-strain curve. At a feed ratio of 0.98 and a core filament pre-tension of 2.1 cN, the structure of the 17.2 tex air-jet vortex-spun viscose/nylon/polyester filament core-spun yarn is the most stable, exhibiting the highest coverage coefficient and breaking strength, with fewer hairiness and the best evenness. Within a certain range, higher feed ratios and core filament pre-tensions result in greater breaking elongation. The optimized 17.2 tex air-jet vortex-spun viscose/nylon/polyester filament core-spun yarn shows improved yarn performance compared to air-jet vortex-spun viscose/nylon blended yarn of the same specification. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Structural design of an automatic yarn changing device for warping GAO Qiang, CHEN Bingbing, ZHANG Yujing, LI Changcheng Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 44-51.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202409043 Abstract （249）      PDF （7653KB）（36）       Knowledge map    Save Warping is a critical process in weaving preparation, which involves winding a certain number of warp yarns onto a warp beam in parallel, with uniform and appropriate tension, to meet the required length and width specified by the process. The warp yarns are drawn out from full cones hanging on the spindles of the creel. Nowadays, the intermittent warping cone creel is favored by most enterprises due to its advantages in facilitating yarn unwinding, saving floor space, and improving warping efficiency. Intermittent warping cone creels are mainly categorized into three types: sectional type, small V-shaped chain rotary type, and large V-shaped chain rotary type. The warping workshop represented by Company G faces issues such as low work efficiency and high labor intensity in manual bobbin loading and unloading, coupled with limited factory space that makes it difficult to accommodate existing automated creel systems. To address these issues, a novel chain-type circulating creel equipped with automatic unloading and material recovery devices has been designed. Research has established models for the main body of the chain-type circulating creel, the unloading device, and the empty bobbin recovery device, and elaborated on their working principles. Based on the roller arrangement in existing circulating creels, a guide rail arrangement cooperating with V-shaped rollers was proposed.  Furthermore, by simplifying the force model of a single-row creel, the contact force between the outer side of the V-shaped roller and the guide rail was calculated to be . In ANSYS Workbench, boundary conditions consistent with real-world scenarios were added, and the obtained simulated contact force deviated by less than 5% from the theoretical calculation, thereby verifying the validity of the model. Finally, to investigate the vibration mechanism of the creel during operation, finite element analysis software was used to conduct modal analysis and harmonic response analysis. The results indicated that the modal vibration frequency of the creel ranged from  to . When it was within the of 18‒27 Hz range, significant deflection occurred at the end of the creel. Therefore, during the rotation of the empty bobbin on the creel, the motor's output frequency should avoid the aforementioned frequency range. The research findings indicate that the creel model exhibits high reliability for its load-bearing components under maximum load conditions. When the creel stops and empties bobbins at the head of the machine, the output frequency of the motor driving the circular rotation of the creel should avoid the modal vibration frequency range of the creel to ensure its stable operation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in the preparation and application of photonic crystal structural color pigments CAO Hongfa, LI Yichen, ZHANG Keqin Advanced Textile Technology    2026, 34 (02): 1-12.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202504030 Abstract （242）      PDF （32338KB）（260）       Knowledge map    Save As the limitations of traditional chemical dyes in terms of environmental protection and durability become increasingly prominent, photonic crystal structural color pigments, which achieve color regulation based on the Bragg diffraction of tunable periodic micro/nanostructures, have emerged as a research hotspot in the field of ecological coloring for textiles due to their remarkable advantages such as high saturation, special optical effects, excellent dispersibility, pollution-free nature and high light stability. In-depth research on photonic crystal structural color pigments offers innovative technological pathways to meet the demands for high-performance pigments across various industries, holding both scientific significance and industrial application value. In recent decades, fundamental research on photonic crystals has advanced the preparation of various types of photonic crystal structural color pigments, primarily including nanolaminate-based pigments relying on thin-film interference, block copolymer-based pigments and colloidal particle-based photonic crystal structural color pigments. Nanolaminate-based pigments generate angle-dependent colors through thin-film interference, demonstrating commercial potential in anti-counterfeiting and decorative applications. However, their poor mechanical stability makes them prone to structural damage. Block copolymer-based pigments, due to their efficient self-assembly process, provide a promising route to conveniently prepare photonic crystal structural color materials. Nevertheless, their temperature responsiveness and uneven self-assembly stability affect color stability. Colloidal particle-based pigments achieve coverage of the visible light spectrum by directly controlling the reflection wavelength through the size of colloidal particles ranging from 150 to 400 nm and can be doped with functional elements to enable intelligent responses. However, their optical performance is easily constrained by factors such as crystallization rate and concentration. In terms of practical applications, different types of photonic crystal structural color pigments have demonstrated promising application potential in various fields including textiles, anti-counterfeiting and biological detection, offering breakthrough solutions to the environmental and durability limitations of traditional dyeing technologies. As a novel class of bio-inspired structural color material, photonic crystal structural color pigments have demonstrated significant application potential in various fields due to their unique structural coloration effects and excellent properties. However, current preparation methods for these pigments generally suffer from complex processes and low yields. In practical applications, they also face challenges such as poor structural stability, difficulties in pigment adhesion and insufficient color saturation. These issues have hindered their large-scale production and commercialization. Future research on photonic crystal structural color pigments will closely focus on addressing these current challenges. For example, continuous exploration and development of low-cost high-throughput production technologies aim to simplify the preparation process, enhance production efficiency and enable the industrial-scale preparation of photonic crystal structural color pigments to meet the growing market demand. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dyeing process of antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fabrics XUAN Xiaming, WU Minghua, ZHANG Xiaotian, LI Yuanyuan, FENG Weifang Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 68-76.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202412018 Abstract （241）      PDF （6477KB）（32）       Knowledge map    Save The polyester (PET) fiber has experienced exceptional growth due to its superior heat resistance, light resistance, chemical stability, dimensional stability, and the ease of availability of production raw materials, making it a leader among synthetic fibers. However, the polyester fiber is hydrophobic with poor air permeability, making it prone to bacteria growth when used in humid and hot conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to give polyester fabric good water absorption and antibacterial properties to improve its wearing comfort. On the other hand, the synthesis of polyester mostly uses antimony-based catalysts. Antimony-based catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic performance and have mature catalytic processes, but antimony is a heavy metal that is harmful to the body. In line with the trend of eco-friendly and comfortable functional development of polyester fibers, some enterprises have successfully developed antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fiber products using non-antimony catalytic polymerization. However, the change in catalyst during the synthesis process of antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fiber may lead to alterations in the fiber’s structure. Both the structural changes in the fiber and the catalyst itself can potentially affect the dyeing performance of the polyester fabric. In addition, during high-temperature dyeing of antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fabrics, there is an issue of nano-ZnO dissolution, which not only leads to the loss of antibacterial function of the fiber fabric but also affects the dyeing uniformity, making the dyeing process more challenging. In order to obtain good dyeing properties for antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fabrics, this study took such fabrics as the research object and employed SEM, XRD, DSC, TG, and other testing methods to examine the microstructure and thermal properties of the fibers. Based on these analyses, high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing process was adopted to investigate the impact of dyeing factors such as dyeing temperature, holding time, and dyeing pH on the dye uptake rate and K/S value of the fiber. The dyeing process conditions were optimized, and the K/S value and color fastness of the dyed fabric were determined and compared with those of ZnO antibacterial polyester fabrics. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fiber before and after dyeing was measured to assess the impact of the dyeing process on their antibacterial properties. The results showed that the antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fiber was a cross-shaped fiber. Compared with ZnO antibacterial polyester fibers, the antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fibers exhibited a lower glass transition temperature of 67.6°C and a lower crystallinity of 23.43%. The optimum dyeing process conditions for antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fiber fabric were as follows: dyeing temperature of 130 ℃, dyeing holding time of 60 minutes, and dyeing pH of 5. When the amount of dye was 1%(o.w.f), the dye uptake rate reached 86%, and the K/S value was up to 12. The dyed fabric exhibited a washing fastness of grade 4 and rubbing fastness of grade 5. Compared with ZnO antibacterial polyester fibers, antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fibers demonstrated a higher dye uptake rate and K/S value. Additionally, the dyeing process had a minor impact on the antibacterial properties of the antimony-free ZnO antibacterial polyester fabrics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on flexible composite films for daytime passive radiative cooling LIU Jie, GUO Yongde, XU Changhua, SHI Naman, LI Siqi, Yin Siyu, ZHANG Ruquan, LUO Lei Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (09): 1-10.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202409024 Abstract （240）      PDF （16700KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Save Radiative cooling is a green, passive cooling technology that achieves temperature reduction through high solar reflectance and high mid-infrared emissivity in the atmospheric transparency window, characterized by “zero energy consumption and zero pollution”. Flexible composite films for radiative cooling have gradually become a hot research topic in this field due to their advantages such as lightweight, excellent flexibility and low cost. This paper summarizes the latest research progress on radiative cooling flexible composite films, describes the preparation methods and classifications of these films, points out their limitations, and provides an outlook on their future development. Firstly, the preparation methods of flexible composite films such as phase separation, electrospinning, freeze-drying, and spray coating are introduced. Among them, phase separation and electrospinning are commonly used methods for preparing polymer-based radiative cooling materials with excellent mechanical properties. The phase separation method has the advantages of simple operation, short processing time, and low cost. Electrospinning allows precise control over the diameter and distribution of nanofibers by adjusting parameters during the spinning process, thereby enabling the production of films with high solar reflectance. Freeze-drying can produce aerogel materials with a porous structure, which helps to improve solar reflectance. Secondly, flexible composite films can be classified into inorganic composite films, polymer composite films and multilayer composite films based on their material composition. Inorganic composite films are primarily obtained by incorporating inorganic particles with with high mid-infrared emissivity, such as SiO2, ZnO and TiO2. At the same time, by selecting the particle size of the inorganic materials, hierarchical structures with micro- or nano-scale features comparable to solar wavelengths can be constructed, inducing strong Mie scattering to achieve high reflectance and ultimately improve the cooling performance of the material. Polymer composite films mainly achieve infrared absorption and emission through the vibration of functional groups in the material, with functional groups such as C-O, C-Cl, C-F and C-N being suitable for solar radiative cooling. Multilayer composite films consist of a a macroscopic planar structure composed of multiple layers of different materials, typically including a solar reflection layer and an infrared emission layer. Additionally, the applications of these three materials in personal thermal management, energy-efficient buildings, food preservation, water harvesting, power generation, ice protection and agriculture are briefly discussed.  Finally, the performance stability, durability and color diversity of composite films are analyzed, along with future development directions. Prospects for the further advancement of radiative cooling flexible composite films are also discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Degumming process of ramie through synergistic catalytic oxidation and alkali boiling QIN Yu, YU Chongwen Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (11): 73-82.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202501039 Abstract （235）      PDF （4407KB）（29）       Knowledge map    Save China, as a global powerhouse in bast fiber textiles, ranks first in the world in both the cultivation of bast crops and textile processing. Its bast textiles hold an absolute quantitative advantage in the global market. However, ramie fibers possess unique physical characteristics, such as a coarse and harsh hand feel, which are primarily caused by the presence of non-cellulosic substances like pectin, hemicellulose, and lignin. These substances adhere between or on the surface of cellulose, causing the fibers to become glued and entangled, significantly reducing their spinnability and the quality of the final product. Therefore, ramie fibers must undergo degumming before spinning. Traditional degumming methods mainly rely on chemical processes, such as acid and alkali treatments, which, although capable of producing fibers with excellent properties, suffer from drawbacks such as lengthy processes, high energy consumption, severe pollution, and large water usage. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel hydrogen peroxide/N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI)/laccase catalytic oxidation system, aiming to shorten the process flow, reduce energy consumption, and enhance the mechanical properties of the fibers. In this study, four different treatment systems were initially established, including H2O2/NHPI, H2O2/laccase, NHPI/laccase, and H2O2/NHPI/laccase systems. The effects of these systems on the tensile properties of ramie fibers were compared and analyzed, and the oxidation mechanism of the H2O2/NHPI/laccase system was thoroughly investigated using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology. Subsequently, through single-factor experiments and significance analysis, the influences of factors such as NHPI concentration, laccase concentration, H2O2 concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and pH value on fiber properties were explored. The process parameters were then optimized using a response surface methodology. The results showed that the H2O2 concentration, NHPI concentration, and pH value significantly affected the specific breaking work of ramie fibers. The optimal conditions for the oxidative degumming process were found to be: 11.04 g/L H2O2, 5 g/L laccase, 0.73 g/L NHPI, pH 4.77, temperature 55 °C, and time 20 min. The optimal conditions for the alkali treatment process were: 6 g/L NaOH, 2.5 g/L Na2SO3, 2 g/L Na2SiO3, temperature 100 °C, and time 60 min. Finally, this paper presented a comparative analysis between oxidative degumming and traditional alkali degumming in terms of fiber properties, reaction time, and energy consumption. The results indicated that the fineness of the ramie-refined dry fibers obtained through the oxidative degumming process was comparable to that of traditional alkali degumming. Moreover, the specific breaking work of the fibers from oxidative degumming was 0.133 cN/dtex, which was 12.7% higher than that of traditional alkali degumming and 18.0% higher than that of the process involving only alkali boiling without oxidation. Additionally, the total reaction time was reduced to 80 minutes, representing a 73% reduction compared to traditional alkali degumming, and the energy consumption at high temperatures was reduced by three-quarters. Characterization of the degummed ramie fibers using SEM, FTIR, and NMR methods revealed that after H₂O₂/NHPI/laccase oxidative treatment, the C6 primary hydroxyl groups of cellulose were oxidized, and non-cellulosic components were effectively removed, resulting in fibers with a smooth and unbonded surface. In conclusion, the H2O2/NHPI/laccase oxidative degumming method offers the advantages of short reaction time, low energy consumption, and high specific breaking work of the fibers, demonstrating significant potential for application in ramie degumming. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of acrylic-modified o-cresol novolac epoxy resin and its deep photocuring behavior WANG Wei, YU Linpan, LI Zhongan, ZHAI Shimin, QI Dongming, WANG Jicheng Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 37-48.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411048 Abstract （234）      PDF （10105KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Save Ultraviolet UV curing technology serves as a rapid curing method for liquid materials where UV-irradiated photocurable resins undergo rapid crosslinking polymerization to form solid materials with a three-dimensional crosslinking network. Compared to traditional thermal curing technology UV curing technology boasts notable advantages such as fast curing speed low energy consumption excellent gloss and hardness of the cured film strong environmental friendliness and a broad range of applications. Consequently it has found widespread use in fields such as coatings adhesives copper-clad laminates and electronic packaging. However during the UV curing process due to the absorption scattering and reflection of UV light by the surface layer the light intensity significantly diminishes in deeper layers resulting in insufficient crosslinking of the resin in these areas and thus compromising overall performance. Although UV-heat and UV-moisture dual-curing technologies can to some extent enhance the overall crosslinking degree of the resin both methods have inherent limitations UV-heat curing requires longer time and higher energy consumption and is unsuitable for heat-sensitive applications UV-moisture curing is constrained by longer curing times and dependence on ambient humidity. Therefore achieving efficient deep curing of resins solely through UV curing and enhancing overall performance has become a key area of research. To address issues such as low deep UV curing efficiency poor thermomechanical properties and weak adhesion in resin a photosensitive o-cresol novolac epoxy acrylate resin EOA was successfully synthesized using o-cresol novolac epoxy resin and acrylic acid as raw materials. This was achieved by introducing double bonds through the reaction between the carboxyl groups of acrylic acid and the epoxy groups. Using EOA as the main resin a systematic study was conducted on the effects of type I photoinitiator 907 type II photoinitiator ITX and their dosages on the double bond conversion rates in both the surface and deep layers of the EOA cured film. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR was employed to analyze the photopolymerization kinetics of the surface and deep layers of the EOA cured film. Additionally key indicators such as the thermomechanical properties pencil hardness and adhesion of the EOA coating film were evaluated. The results showed that when the photoinitiators 907 and ITX were combined in a 10:1 ratio at a total dosage of 4 wt% the EOA cured film exhibited optimal comprehensive performance. Under these conditions the double bond conversion rates for the surface and deep layers of the EOA cured film were 96.5% and 76.2% respectively. The glass transition temperature Tg was 161.6℃ the storage modulus was 3259.5 MPa the coating film hardness was 5H and the adhesion was rated at grade 0. The EOA coating film prepared using the aforementioned method not only overcomes the shortcomings of traditional UV curing technology such as insufficient deep crosslinking and degraded overall performance but also significantly enhances the crosslinking degree thermodynamic properties and mechanical performance of the coating film. By optimizing the ratio and amount of photoinitiators this study achieves efficient deep curing of the resin solely through UV curing. Compared to traditional UV-heat or UV-moisture dual-curing processes this approach offers notable advantages including ease of operation high efficiency and strong environmental friendliness. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and properties of ethylene propylene elastic composite yarns FU Zhenzhou, DAI Jiamu, WEI Fayun, ZHANG Guangyu, ZHANG Wei Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 19-25.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202410024 Abstract （231）      PDF （8400KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Save Elastic fibers are widely used in many fields due to their low modulus, high elongation and excellent elasticity. Currently, the main types of elastic fibers on the market include polyurethane, polyolefin and polyether ester elastic fibers. However, polyurethane fibers are mostly prepared by solution spinning, which involves the use of organic solvents that can cause serious environmental pollution. Although environmentally friendly non-isocyanate polyurethane has improved in terms of environmental protection, its production cost is relatively high. Polyether ester elastic fibers suffer from inadequate elastic recovery and elastic stability. Conventional polyolefin elastic fibers have problems of poor hygroscopicity and obvious stress relaxation, which severely limit their applications in scenarios requiring high elastic recovery and stability. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of elastic fiber or yarn. Currently, the main improvement strategies for polyolefin fibers primarily involve mechanical blending to enhance their toughness. However, these methods are constrained by the melt processing feasibility of the modified materials and their compatibility with the polyolefin matrix, making it challenging to address defects such as hygroscopicity and stress relaxation. Chemical modification methods are complex and costly, especially the application research of the polyolefin fiber in core-spun yarns is even more scarce, which restricts its further development and application. In this paper, the ethylene-propylene copolymer Vistamaxx (VM) was selected as the polyolefin matrix to prepare elastic fibers through the melt spinning process. The effect of spinning temperature on the mechanical properties of the fibers was investigated. By adjusting the spinning temperature, the breaking elongation, strength, and cyclic tensile properties of the fibers were observed to find out the most suitable spinning temperature for VM fiber preparation. Different types of outer fibers, including cotton, aramid, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), were selected to prepare core-spun yarns, and further analysis was conducted on the improvement in mechanical properties and other aspects of these yarns. The results showed that Vistamaxx 6202 exhibited more balanced rheological properties, and the prepared fibers had a smooth surface without obvious defects or cracks. Additionally, when the spinning temperature was 175 ℃, the polyolefin fibers demonstrated optimal breaking elongation and cyclic tensile properties. In addition, wrapping the fibers with UHMWPE, aramid, and cotton significantly enhanced the yarn strength and durability while maintaining fiber elasticity. The prepared polyolefin core-spun yarns were uniformly wrapped, with no exposure of the core yarn. Polyolefin fibers prepared by melt spinning exhibit excellent properties, and their core-spun yarns possess practical value. These results show that polyolefin fibers have potential application prospects in meeting the requirements of fabric strength and elasticity, and provide important support for the development of polyolefin fiber materials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation methods and application progress of reversible thermochromic fibers LI Ruimiao, YANG Qun, ZHOU Siyu, CUI Jin, SU Juan, ZHANG Ning, WANG Jiping Advanced Textile Technology    2026, 34 (01): 1-10.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202503072 Abstract （231）      PDF （5687KB）（176）       Knowledge map    Save Reversible thermochromic fibers as a type of smart material are capable of dynamically changing colors in response to temperature variations demonstrating unique application value across multiple fields. In the realm of smart clothing and fashion design by leveraging their thermochromic properties apparel that changes color with ambient temperature can be developed enhancing both wearing comfort and aesthetic appeal. In the area of health monitoring and human thermal management thermochromic fibers can be utilized to create temperature-monitoring clothing enabling real-time monitoring and feedback of the human body's temperature. Additionally in the field of building energy conservation these fibers can be applied to fabrics such as curtains adjusting indoor light and temperature through color changes to achieve energy-saving goals. In environmental monitoring and information transmission thermochromic fibers can be employed to fabricate dynamically displaying fabrics enabling the visual transmission of information. Currently the preparation methods for thermochromic fibers mainly include electrospinning melt spinning and wet spinning. Electrospinning technology forms nanofibers from polymer solutions through a high-voltage electric field offering advantages such as controllable fiber diameter and a large specific surface area. However it suffers from issues like low production efficiency and insufficient mechanical strength of the resulting fibers. The melt spinning method involves heating and melting polymers followed by extrusion and shaping making it suitable for large-scale production of thermoplastic polymers. Nevertheless it has high requirements on the thermal stability of thermochromic materials. The wet spinning process forms fibers by extruding polymer solutions into a coagulation bath which is applicable to thermally sensitive color-changing materials and facilitates functional modifications. However thermochromic fibers still face challenges regarding stability production costs and functional singularity. Existing materials may experience performance degradation after multiple uses affecting their service life. Moreover limited market awareness and lagging material development further constrain their growth potential. Future research should focus on three key areas. Firstly in terms of material innovation efforts should be directed towards developing organic-inorganic hybrid systems by combining the high color-changing sensitivity of organic materials with the weather resistance of inorganic materials. Secondly at the level of process upgrading the utilization of 3D printing direct-write technology can achieve high-precision temperature resolution. By integrating this with spinning processes nanocomposite fibers can be prepared to balance mechanical strength with light transmittance regulation. Thirdly in the direction of functional integration the construction of a light-heat-humidity multimodal responsive system should be pursued along with the development of self-powered smart textiles. These should be integrated with artificial intelligence algorithms to improve the accuracy of health monitoring and recognition. With the maturation of continuous microcapsule encapsulation production lines and flexible electronic technology thermochromic fibers are poised to transcend their current application boundaries forming an integrated smart material ecological network that combines "sensing-feedback-intervention". This will further promote their application in high-value-added fields such as thermal management coatings for aerospace intelligent light-adjusting curtain walls for buildings and wearable health monitoring systems and bring greater convenience and innovation to people's lives. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the application of asymmetric design in intelligent moisture and heat management fabrics SU Juan, YANG Qun, ZHANG Ning, LI Ruimiao, ZHOU Siyu, WANG Jiping Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (09): 11-19.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411041 Abstract （225）      PDF （5480KB）（34）       Knowledge map    Save Textiles equipped with personalized moisture and heat comfort management functions have emerged as ideal solutions for regulating the microclimate between the human body and clothing. In recent years, these textiles have garnered widespread attention due to their significant value in terms of comfort, energy saving and health. Asymmetric design, by altering the microstructure and material distribution of fabrics, imparts unique properties to the fabrics during moisture and heat transfer, breaking away from the constraints of the symmetrical structures of traditional fabrics. This provides a new avenue for achieving more efficient moisture and heat management. The design methods for asymmetric materials exhibit diversity, mainly including asymmetric preparation and asymmetric modification. Asymmetric preparation involves the construction of multilayer structures by combining materials with different wettability characteristics to achieve asymmetric wettability, covering techniques such as electrospinning and fabric structure design. Asymmetric modification, on the other hand, involves unilateral modification, utilizing chemical, physical or biological means such as surface coating, chemical modification, or biological modification to achieve differential treatment on both sides of the material. These methods all have their own advantages and disadvantages. Asymmetric preparation has an advantage in forming stable asymmetric structures but involves complex processes. Asymmetric modification offers flexibility in operation but faces challenges with the stability of the modified layer. Thermosensitive polymers play an important role in asymmetric design, with their unique thermosensitive response mechanism supporting the performance enhancement of smart moisture and heat management fabrics. When the ambient temperature changes, the physicochemical properties of thermosensitive polymers alter accordingly, triggering conformational changes in macromolecules and resulting in volumetric phase transitions. Under temperature variations, the fabric can form an asymmetric structure and undergo reversible hydrophilic/hydrophobic transitions, thereby intelligently regulating the heat and moisture balance and maintaining heat and moisture comfort in the human microclimate. Through continuous exploration and innovation, researchers have developed a series of advanced preparation technologies to ensure that asymmetric intelligent moisture and heat management fabrics can meet the demands of diverse application scenarios. These fabrics can be applied in fields such as athletic wear, outdoor equipment, military use, and healthcare. However, current asymmetric intelligent moisture and heat management fabrics still face several challenges, primarily including complex preparation processes leading to high production costs, prominent compatibility issues between different materials, the need to improve the response stability of thermosensitive polymers, and the requirement for further optimization of fabric stability and durability. To address these challenges, future structural designs can leverage 3D printing, nanomanufacturing and other techniques to achieve more complex and precise asymmetric structure construction. Additionally, in terms of material research and development, the continuous emergence of new intelligent materials will provide more options for asymmetric design. Through continuous technological innovation and in-depth research, it is expected that more comfortable, healthy and intelligent textiles can be provided to meet the needs of different fields and scenarios, so as to drive the textile industry towards intelligence and high performance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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CFD-based simulation of the impact of outdoor jacket ventilation opening design on microclimate within clothing ZHENG Fei, WANG Yanzhen Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 86-95.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202501032 Abstract （222）      PDF （6117KB）（19）       Knowledge map    Save To more intuitively investigate the impact of ventilation opening design in outdoor jackets on the temperature distribution of human skin and airflow circulation inside the clothing this study employed an advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD method to conduct a systematic numerical simulation study on the thermal environment regulation performance of outdoor jackets.Initially a standard three-dimensional numerical model was established encompassing both the human body's geometric structure and the outdoor jacket clothing system.The model took into full consideration the hierarchical structure of the clothing and the configuration of air gaps thereby highly replicating the real-life scenario of a human wearing an outdoor jacket.The geometric construction in the model not only included the human body's surface contours but also refined the spatial characteristics of the areas where the clothing fits snugly and loosely against the body in an attempt to simulate the air layer state between the clothing and the skin during human movement as closely as possible.The simulation results were rigorously validated against experimental data in this paper.By comparing the simulated results with the measured average skin surface temperature and heat flux data from the experiments it was found that the maximum deviation between the two did not exceed 5% indicating that the established CFD model possessed good accuracy and reliability.This validation process not only enhanced the credibility of the simulation method but also laid a solid theoretical foundation for the subsequent systematic analysis of ventilation opening design parameters.Based on the model validation this paper further analyzed the regulatory mechanisms of ventilation openings distributed at different locations of outdoor jackets on airflow circulation inside the clothing and heat distribution on the skin surface.The study revealed the following findings firstly underarm ventilation openings demonstrated significant advantages in improving airflow circulation and heat dissipation in the underarm area.Due to the restrictive fit of the clothing in this region the air exchange efficiency is generally low.However after setting up dedicated underarm openings the local maximum air convection velocity could reach 2.87m/s significantly promoting the expulsion of hot air and the intake of cool air.As a result the average skin temperature in the underarm area was effectively reduced to 31.57℃ greatly enhancing local thermal comfort.Secondly ventilation openings located on the chest and abdomen had a remarkable effect in enhancing the heat dissipation performance of the anterior trunk region.These areas are typically the windward side and are prone to forming natural ventilation paths.After installing ventilation structures the airflow within the clothing could be accelerated.However the impact of such openings on areas like the underarms side waist and back was relatively limited.Further analysis also indicated that the temperature changes in the abdominal and side waist regions were relatively balanced with the 3# and 4# opening layouts showing the most significant cooling effects in these areas but they had a weaker impact on improving airflow circulation in the underarms demonstrating regional differences in ventilation efficiency.In addition ventilation openings on the back primarily affected airflow and thermal regulation in the back and waist regions while the openings on the chest and abdomen had a minimal impact on these areas reflecting the spatial specificity of back ventilation.In summary through highly realistic CFD simulations and experimental validations this paper systematically unveiled the inherent interaction mechanisms between the different positions of ventilation openings in outdoor jackets and the thermal regulation efficacy inside the clothing.The research findings not only clearly demonstrated how the inner clothing microclimate affects human thermal comfort but also explicitly pointed out the significant spatial specificity in the layout of ventilation openings.Reasonably designing and optimizing the arrangement structure of ventilation openings can achieve targeted cooling and enhanced airflow in specific areas which is of great significance for improving overall wearing comfort.Especially under complex outdoor environmental conditions such as high temperatures high humidity or intense physical activities scientifically arranging ventilation structures will significantly enhance the functionality and practicality of outdoor jackets.The outcomes of this study can provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the design of high-performance outdoor clothing.Meanwhile they meet the diverse needs of different populations regarding thermal comfort and ventilation performance of clothing opening up new avenues for personalized and refined clothing structure design in the future. 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Preparation and performance evaluation of flexible textile transmission lines ZHAO Jiawen, ZHANG Shihan, MENG Fenye, HU Jiyong Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 105-114.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411008 Abstract （218）      PDF （8925KB）（24）       Knowledge map    Save The market size of electronic textiles is expanding daily and they have been widely applied in various fields such as medicine military sports and home furnishing.As emerging functional textile products that integrate the characteristics of electronic devices and textile materials electronic textiles not only retain the comfort and popularity of traditional textiles but also possess the interconnectivity of electronic products.In electronic textile systems signal transmission is a crucial aspect encompassing both wireless and wired transmission methods.Although wireless transmission offers greater flexibility wired transmission remains an indispensable transmission method for the interconnection between electronic textiles and their proximal modules due to its stability reliability and resistance to interference.To realize the flexibility and integration of textile transmission lines researchers are committed to developing ideal transmission lines for electronic textiles that balance comfort with excellent signal transmission performance.Conventional low-frequency transmission lines such as metal twisted pairs and electrical wires are rigid in texture and difficult to meet the requirements of new electronic garments for transmission lines.Therefore researchers are focused on developing flexible textile transmission lines by carefully selecting conductor materials optimizing structural designs and continuously innovating preparation techniques for conductive wires.Methods such as spinning coating or compositing are employed to prepare conductive wires which are then integrated into textile garments through embroidery sewing printing techniques or directly by weaving or knitting thereby achieving miniaturization of the transmission lines and integration with textiles.At present substantial progress has been made in textile transmission lines for electronic textiles but several challenges remain.Firstly transmission lines prepared by existing technologies have certain defects in structure and their transmission performance in terms of stability and reliability still lags behind widely used standard transmission lines necessitating further optimization of the preparation process.Secondly there are numerous and diverse testing methods evaluation indexes and standards for transmission line performance necessitating the establishment of unified evaluation criteria.Lastly current research on textile transmission lines mostly focuses on single functions and the development of integrated functional transmission lines tailored for different application scenarios will become one of the research hotspots.As single-function electronic textiles transition towards multi-function ones the number of functional electronic devices increases necessitating the development of multi-channel signal transmission modes.It is necessary to reduce the number of wires simplify circuit layout enhance the aesthetic appeal and comfort of garments and meet the diverse needs of various application scenarios.Therefore future research on transmission lines for electronic textiles will strive to address existing challenges and promote the functional integration and integration development of electronic textiles.This paper reviews the classification preparation techniques performance testing methods and evaluation indexes of textile transmission lines for electronic textiles providing technical reference for the design and preparation of signal transmission lines and outlining the prospects for future development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and properties of graphene-coated conductive aramid blended yarns WANG Yingying, WANG Jiaquan, XUE Ying, WU Zhuoqian, YAO Yijun Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 86-95.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202410030 Abstract （218）      PDF （13702KB）（38）       Knowledge map    Save Conductive yarns serve as crucial materials in the production of smart wearable textiles; however, the issue of easy detachment of conductive coatings often leads to a decline in conductivity. Aiming at the structural design of conductive fillers and base yarns, this paper selected waterborne epoxy resin (WEP) with a structure similar to both as the polymeric binder for the conductive paste. Specifically, a combined conductive slurry comprising graphene oxide suspension (GO) and graphene oxide-waterborne epoxy resin (GO-WEP) was employed. By simply immersing aramid blended yarns (ABY) in this slurry followed by thermal reduction, graphene-coated conductive aramid blended yarns (rGO@rGO-WEP ABY) with excellent conductivity and good stability were prepared. Through investigating the film-forming properties, thickness and mechanical properties of WEP slurry films with different solid contents (10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%), it was found that WEP slurry films with 20% solid content had better transparency and flexibility, making them suitable for the preparation of composite conductive slurries. Further testing of the film-forming properties and basic performance of GO-WEP slurry films revealed that GO could be uniformly dispersed in WEP, and the formed slurry films exhibited conductivity after thermal reduction. Conductivity tests were conducted on conductive aramid blended yarns subjected to different impregnation-thermal reduction cycles with GO suspension. The results showed that Sample 3, which underwent three impregnation-thermal reduction cycles, had the lowest resistance value and the best conductivity. When Sample 3 was repeatedly impregnated and thermally reduced in GO-WEP, the conductivity and weight gain rate of the resulting rGO@rGO-WEP ABY gradually decreased with the increase of impregnation-thermal reduction cycles. When the process was repeated once, the average resistance values of rGO@rGO-WEP ABY reached a minimum of 0.308 MΩ/1 cm and 1.416 MΩ/10 cm, which was sufficient to light up an "XPU" LED bulb. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results indicated that WEP could improve the adhesion between the rGO@rGO-WEP ABY coating and the fibers. The rGO@rGO-WEP ABY prepared in this paper has excellent conductivity and stability, addressing the issues of easy coating detachment and poor stability in conductive yarns. It holds promising application prospects in the field of smart textiles. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and performance of PET/CuO/PVA yarn sensors YANG Lei, LIU Tao, XU Lisheng, HU Die, GAO Fulei, DING Xinbo, ZHU Guocheng, LIU Xu Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 96-105.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202412022 Abstract （217）      PDF （16674KB）（46）       Knowledge map    Save With the growing attention to healthy living, flexible wearable sensors have found widespread applications in health monitoring, motion tracking, human-computer interaction, and other fields. Compared to traditional rigid sensors, flexible sensors demonstrate superior flexibility, stretchability, and adaptability, enabling them to closely adhere to the human body or be integrated into clothing for real-time monitoring of biological signals and environmental changes. Especially in the monitoring of minute deformations, flexible sensors exhibit significant advantages, maintaining stable operation under complex dynamic conditions. However, existing flexible sensors still face numerous challenges in terms of sensitivity, stability, and responsiveness. Therefore, the research on high-performance sensor materials with excellent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity has become the focus of current research. In this paper, nano-sized copper oxide (CuO) was synthesized using the sol-gel method and compounded with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prepare CuO/PVA conductive hydrogels (abbreviated as CP) with sensing capabilities through a freeze-thaw cycling process. This method features straightforward operations and does not require sophisticated equipment, as the material formation can be achieved simply by controlling the freeze-thaw cycles, thereby reducing preparation costs and technical barriers. Furthermore, through systematic research on the doping ratio of CuO and other process conditions, it was determined that the comprehensive performance of the CP conductive hydrogels reaches its optimum when the mass fraction of copper oxide is 0.6% (abbreviated as CP0.6). Finally, a polyester/copper oxide/polyvinyl alcohol (PET/CuO/PVA, abbreviated as PCP) yarn sensor with excellent sensing performance was prepared using the dip-coating method. The research results show that the CP0.6 conductive hydrogel exhibits excellent electrical and mechanical properties. When the mass fraction of nano-CuO is 0.6%, its conductivity reaches a maximum value of 0.16 S/m, with a response sensitivity factor of 2.78, and it demonstrates rapid dynamic response within the tensile strain range. Moreover, the material's stability and reliability under dynamic conditions make it have certain application potential in the fields of wearable devices and flexible sensors. On the other hand, the conductivity of the PCP15 yarn sensor can reach up to 0.89 S/m, exhibiting fast response capability and good strain sensitivity, particularly showing segmented linear sensitivity characteristics within the small strain range (1%–5%). Furthermore, the PCP15 yarn sensor can effectively monitor subtle vibrations and the bending of joints such as the fingers, wrists, and elbows, and it can operate stably and adapt to motion monitoring of different amplitudes. This makes the PCP15 yarn sensor have application potential in motion tracking and smart wearable devices. In the future, the optimization of its conductive network structure and the bonding performance of the fiber interface is expected to further enhance its application potential and commercial value. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and properties of controllably degradable PLLA/PLGA composite membranes XU Enyang, ZHANG Jiangang, CAO Wen, LIU Xiong, BAO Jianna Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (09): 49-60.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202412024 Abstract （214）      PDF （17678KB）（43）       Knowledge map    Save With the increasing global awareness of environmental protection, growing attention to sustainability issues, and the reality of dwindling fossil resources, the environmental pollution caused by traditional fossil-based plastics has gradually become a focal point in society. These challenges drive efforts to actively explore and develop new eco-friendly materials. In this context, the research and application of biopolymers have gained widespread attention. Biopolymers, due to their unique advantages such as being derived from renewable resources, being biodegradable, and being biocompatible, have become an ideal solution to address environmental pollution and resource depletion. In particular, polylactic acid (PLA), as a key bio-based material, has gradually become a popular alternative to traditional plastics due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the fact that it is made from plant starch. As a result, PLA has broad prospects in the fields of environmental protection and sustainable development, attracting increasing attention from both scholars and industry. However, PLA has some drawbacks, such as poor ductility and slow degradation rate, which limit its widespread application in industrial fields. To promote the degradation of polylactic acid (PLA) and improve its ductility, so as to expand its applications in industry and daily life, this study prepared composite materials of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/PLLA using an open-loop copolymerization method. Curcumin was introduced into the system through electrospinning and solution blending to regulate the degradation behavior and mechanical properties of the composite materials. The structure and molecular weight distribution of the copolymer products were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The effects of PLLA's optical purity and the sequence distribution of glycolic acid (GA) in PLGA on the phase morphology, crystallinity, thermal stability, mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and drug release behavior of the composite materials were explored using such methods as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile testing. The study showed that by controlling the optical purity of PLLA and the ratio of L-lactide (L-LA) to GA in PLGA, the mechanical properties and degradation rate of the PLLA/PLGA blends could be effectively adjusted. When the optical purity of PLLA was 88%, and the L-LA to GA feed ratio in PLGA was 7:3, the composite material exhibited excellent ductility and degradation rate, with a breaking elongation of over 400% and a mass loss of 86% after six days of enzymatic degradation. Moreover, the drug release performance of the PLLA/PLGA drug-loaded composite membrane was closely related to its degradation behavior, with sustained release for up to one week. In summary, PLLA/PLGA composite films demonstrate certain application value in the field of controllable degradation and sustained release materials. This study not only provides experimental evidence for optimizing the degradation behavior of PLA materials, but also offers feasible strategies for improving their ductility. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spinnability analysis of bio-based polyamide 11 chips ZHANG Yi, ZHANG Xuzhen, LI Junjun, WANG Xiuhua Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (09): 31-38.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202410045 Abstract （211）      PDF （5380KB）（36）       Knowledge map    Save Bio-based polyamide 11 (PA11) is a kind of bio-based polymer, which is synthesized by stepwise polymerization of ω-aminoundecanoic acid, the pyrolysis product of castor oil. At present, PA11 is mainly used in the field of engineering plastics, and it is rarely involved in the fiber field. With the launch of China's "double carbon" goal and the widespread popularization of environmental awareness, increasing attention has been paid to the green carbon sequestration benefits of bio-based PA11 in the field of chemical fibers, and the development of corresponding fiber products has become an important trend. However, there are few reports on PA11 spinning. The preparation of PA11 raw material spinning grade chips is not yet mature, and the spinning process of PA11 still lacks theoretical guidance. At present, the research on PA11 spinning at home and abroad mainly remains at the laboratory stage, and most of them focus on the mechanical properties, crystallization properties and rheological properties of the materials. PA11 is widely used for its excellent comprehensive performance. The brittle temperature of PA11 is -70 °C, maintaining good toughness even at low temperature. PA11 exhibits good corrosion resistance to oil, alkali, salt solution, etc., and also possesses a certain degree of corrosion resistance to acid. In China, PA11 is mainly applied in the automotive industry, accounting for 70% of the total usage of PA11 materials. It is primarily used as fuel lines and brake pipes in automobiles. Its excellent chemical resistance, low-temperature performance, and dimensional stability make it widely used in anti-vibration oil pipes, hoses, and other applications. It can also be applied to low-temperature cable sheaths and defense mechanical components. To explore the spinnability of bio-based PA11, two kinds of PA11 chips with different melt indexes were selected, and their relative viscosity, chemical structure, thermal properties and melt rheology were analyzed by automatic viscosity detector, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrometer, differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analyzer, melt flow rate meter and rotary rheometer. The drafting silk was prepared by adjusting the drafting ratio (2–5 times) and drafting temperature (60–100 ℃), and the tensile fracture experiment was carried out by electronic single yarn strength machine. The results showed that the relative viscosity of low melt index PA11-A and high melt index PA11-B were 2.85 and 2.68, respectively, and their chemical structures were similar. The melting point and thermal crystallization temperature of PA11-A were 181.3 ℃ and 123.6 ℃, respectively, while those of PA11-B were 185.1 ℃ and 113.1 ℃, respectively. Compared with PA11-A, PA11-B had better thermal stability. With the increase of temperature, the melt index of both slices increased, and the increase of PA11-B was greater. The optimum spinning temperatures of PA11-A and PA11-B were 250 ℃ and 230 ℃, respectively and the tensile mechanical properties of PA11-B draft yarn were better than those of PA11-A. This study provides important reference for PA11 spinning process. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and performance of MXene-based cashmere fabric pressure sensors PAN Yinuo, YANG Chunbing, DU Zhaoqun, XUE Jingli, JIN Guang, CHEN Wenhao, MOU Huangbo Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 115-122.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202501029 Abstract （211）      PDF （17641KB）（29）       Knowledge map    Save With the advancement and development of smart wearable devices various styles of sensors have been utilized in various fields of human life such as energy storage electronic skin smart healthcare and human-computer interaction.Traditional sensors made of rigid materials fail to adapt to diverse and complex application scenarios making flexible sensors the main research direction.The material substrates of flexible sensors usually include thin films paper polymers hydrogels and fabrics.Among them electronic textiles composed of natural fabrics have emerged as promising materials for constructing wearable sensors due to their flexibility and biocompatibility.Fabrics with their natural interwoven structure and loftiness provide a good foundation for the design of flexible sensors.The cashmere fabric a natural protein fiber and an important raw material in textile production boasts exceptional comfort and biodegradability making it a promising candidate for applications in the wearable sector.The principles of fabric pressure sensors mainly include piezoelectricity triboelectricity capacitance and piezoresistivity.Specifically piezoresistive sensors have received great attention due to their simple preparation process and ease of signal processing and acquisition.Fabric pressure sensors are prepared by combining conductive materials such as carbon nanotubes graphene and metal nanowires with fabrics to prepare functional fabrics that enable pressure sensing.In recent years the novel two-dimensional transition metal carbide MXene has been widely used in the field of smart wearable sensors due to its excellent conductivity high specific surface area flexibility and processability.In addition the abundance of hydrophilic and reactive functional groups such as —F —OH —O etc.on the surface of MXene not only endows it with superior hydrophilicity but also enables it to form good interfaces with various substrate materials.The introduction of MXene can not only provide good electrical conductivity to cashmere fabrics but also retain their mechanical properties and flexibility thereby providing a new approach for constructing high-performance flexible pressure sensors.In this paper a cashmere knitted fabric pressure sensor based on MXene was constructed through a simple and repeatable impregnation-drying preparation process to achieve efficient compositing of MXene with cashmere fabrics.SEM characterization of the fabric's morphology confirmed the successful attachment of MXene onto the surface of cashmere fibers.The pressure sensing mechanism was analyzed based on the fabric structure and equivalent circuit diagrams.Three pressure sensors with different MXene immersion times were designed and it was found that the fabric impregnated twice had better sensitivity.The fabric impregnated twice was selected for testing.The sensor demonstrates good sensitivity with a maximum sensitivity of 0.01531kPa⁻¹ and a wide pressure sensing range 0-150kPa exhibiting excellent pressure-resistance cyclic stability.Furthermore it can not only be used to monitor human joint movement health but also to monitor finger touches for transmitting Morse code messages. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of SiO2-TiO2/PU composite coating and its UV resistance WANG Yiming, ZHOU Chuan, WEN Qingwen, LI Ni, SHAO Xiaoqiang Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 59-68.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202410052 Abstract （208）      PDF （14490KB）（61）       Knowledge map    Save Polyurethane PU coatings have a wide range of application fields with products covering numerous synthetic material areas such as foam plastics synthetic rubber plastics synthetic fibers coatings and adhesives.They are utilized in various industries including cold chains transportation construction furniture clothing footwear and leather machinery accessories food packaging and printing sports equipment national defense and military in the forms of rigid foam insulation materials soft foam cushioning materials elastomeric components microporous elastomeric footwear materials high-elastic fibers fabric and leather coatings paints and coatings adhesives sealants and potting adhesives waterproof and protective coatings wood-imitation materials and treatment agents.However they have the disadvantage of insufficient UV resistance.In high-temperature environments and areas with strong UV radiation they still suffer from shortcomings such as a short service life and a tendency to detachment after exposure to intense UV radiation.Therefore in this paper SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method and sol-gel method respectively.These two types of nanoparticles were then blended with a PU solution to prepare composite coatings which combined the good UV reflection and UV absorption properties of SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles thereby improving the UV resistance of the composite coatings.This paper conducted a comparative analysis of the impact on the photoaging performance of the composite coating after adding different nanoparticles to the PU coating.Fourier infrared spectroscopy test UV absorption spectroscopy test XRD test scanning electron microscopy test transmission electron microscopy test and mechanical property test were carried out on the coatings and nanospheres.The results showed that the SiO2 nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal method did not form a crystalline structure with a small amount of adhesion between the nanospheres exhibiting good UV reflection performance.The TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by sol-gel method formed a regular crystalline structure after calcination.The nanospheres performed well in morphological test with a relatively regular arrangement and good UV absorption performance.Their crystallinity reached 98.2% with a crystal plane spacing of 0.35nm.The UV resistance of the SiO2-TiO2/PU coating could be regulated by changing the blending ratio of SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles.When the blending ratio of SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles was 1∶1 the obtained PU coating had the highest UV absorbance and reflectivity.At this ratio the breaking stress and elongation at break of the SiO2-TiO2/PU coating decreased by 32.69% and 8.98% respectively after 30 minutes of photoaging.The decay rates of breaking stress and elongation at break of the SiO2-TiO2/PU coating under UV light were slower than those of other coatings. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of smart wearable clothing products for autistic children HU Miaomiao, ZHU Dahui, CHEN Xinyu Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 134-152.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411045 Abstract （206）      PDF （3124KB）（47）       Knowledge map    Save Autism seriously affects the daily emotion regulation behavior management and social interaction of autistic children.In recent years smart wearable clothing products have been widely used in sports medical care military and other fields and have achieved good results.Compared with ordinary products smart wearable clothing products show unique advantages such as personalization and portability in the treatment of autism showcasing immense potential for development.Continuous innovations in smart wearable clothing products tailored for autistic children cater to their needs in emotions behavior social interaction language and other aspects effectively addressing the difficulties faced by autistic children and their families.At present scholars are addressing issues related to autistic children by utilizing advanced technologies such as sensing machine learning tactile feedback and wireless communication incorporating them into clothing products like vests jackets and gloves to assist autistic children in three areas emotion regulation behavior management and social skills enhancement.In terms of emotion regulation smart wearable clothing products help children manage their emotions and reduce aggressive behaviors by means of deep touch pressure feedback sensory stimulation etc.For instance products like deep touch pressure vests and pressure jackets can provide appropriate pressure stimulation to alleviate children's tension.In behavior management these products utilize accelerometers positioning modules and other technologies to monitor children's stereotyped behaviors and location information preventing dangerous situations like missing.Simultaneously they use vibration feedback and other methods to remind children to modify their undesirable behaviors gradually guiding them to form good behavioral habits.In social skill enhancement smart wearable clothing products use technologies such as facial recognition and eye-tracking to enhance children's social abilities.These technologies can detect others' emotional states and social distances offering timely social feedback to children.For example facial recognition glasses can capture others' facial expressions helping children understand others' emotional changes thereby enhancing social interactions.In summary there have been many achievements in the development of smart wearable clothing products for autistic children.These products rely on a variety of technologies and take various forms to provide support for autistic children and help them with self-management.However existing research still has deficiencies in terms of effectiveness measurement accuracy and adaptability.In the future on the basis of solving the above deficiencies efforts should be made to enhance personalization precision and interactivity and achieve breakthroughs in multiple technologies and cross-platform data sharing.This will facilitate the in-depth development of smart wearable clothing products for autistic children and provide them with more support and possibilities for growth and daily life. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fabrication and electrical properties of carbon black/hydrogel composite electrodes DING Yaru, WANG Yifan, LIU Rangtong, ZHANG Haojie, WANG Jingjing Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 126-133.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411047 Abstract （201）      PDF （10818KB）（25）       Knowledge map    Save Hydrogels, as soft materials featuring three-dimensional crosslinked networks with high water content, have been extensively utilized in wearable strain sensing applications. To expand the application of hydrogels in flexible strain sensors, composite conductive hydrogels are prepared by in-situ polymerization to have high adhesive properties, mechanical stability, and high response sensitivity. First, carbon black (CB) was added to DA/NaOH aqueous solution, and DA was oxidized and polymerized in situ on the surface of CB to form PDA-decorated CB (PDA-CB). Second, acrylamide (AM) monomers, acrylic acid (AA) monomers, ammonium persulfate (APS), and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) were added to the PDA-CB dispersion as chemical initiators and crosslinkers, to form the gel precursor suspension. Finally, glycerol was added to form a glycerol-water binary solvent system within the gel. After degassing the gel precursor suspension under vacuum at room temperature for 2 hours, the resulting suspension was used to produce a composite conductive hydrogel (CHS). The microscopic characterization of CHS precursor suspension revealed that carbon black particles were uniformly dispersed within the hydrogel matrix, exhibiting a chain-like and network distribution, conducive to enhancing the electrical properties. With the increase of carbon black dosage, the stress experienced by the CB hydrogel at the same elongation increased, confirming the enhancement of mechanical strength through CB incorporation. However, when the carbon black content in the suspension exceeded a certain threshold, the mechanical and electrical properties of the hydrogel declined. This was attributed to the fact that an excessive amount of carbon black particles tended to agglomerate, leading to stress concentration and subsequent fracture in the hydrogel. Furthermore, the agglomeration of carbon black within the hydrogel matrix hinderd electron transport in the gel system, thereby reducing the conductivity of the hydrogel. In addition, dopamine hydrochloride (DA) was introduced and could be coated on the surface of carbon black particles in an alkaline environment and polymerized in situ to form polydopamine (PDA), enhancing the recombination of carbon black particles and hydrogel matrix, and promoting the uniform dispersion of carbon black particles within the hydrogel matrix. The resulting CHS hydrogel exhibits high tensile elongation at break and adhesion/tear strength. The properties of the CHS hydrogel, prepared by incorporating DA into the CB hydrogel, demonstrate a significant enhancement. The composite conductive hydrogel CHS exhibits good adhesion to various substrates, and the strain coefficient can reach up to 2.191 during the tensile process, showing excellent response sensitivity. It demonstrates good response stability under different deformation levels and frequencies, and good stability after cyclic stretching for 1,500 cycles under 50% deformation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the identification of key common technologies based on LDA algorithm: A case study of the intelligent textile industry XU Ling, ZHENG Jingran, WANG Yaogang, ZHANG Ke, ZHU Wenxing Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 10-18.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411019 Abstract （201）      PDF （6712KB）（28）       Knowledge map    Save Research on key generic technologies serves as a crucial support for advancing the innovative development of China's manufacturing industry. Accurate identification of key generic technologies has become a significant impetus for accelerating the transformation and upgrading of the industry. After extensively reviewing relevant references, it is found that research on the identification of key generic technologies has been applied in fields such as new materials, artificial intelligence, and new energy. However, no scholars have conducted relevant research in the textile and garment industry to date. Therefore, this paper focuses on the field of textile and garment, identifies the key generic technologies in this field, and provides substantive guidance and suggestions for relevant enterprises and departments.     Firstly, the patent database of China National Intellectual Property Administration is used as the data source to collect patent data in the field of intelligent textiles. Based on the patent data, preprocessing operations are conducted. Subsequently, feature keyword extraction and the construction of a network relationship diagram are carried out to gain a preliminary understanding of the patent data, including the key classifications and correlation of patents in this industry. Secondly, the LDA topic model is used to uncover hidden high-intensity technical topics. Then, screening is conducted based on the "co-occurrence" and "criticality" of these technical topics. The co-occurrence degree of technical topics is evaluated through the co-occurrence rate index, so as to summarize the generic technologies. Afterwards, network analysis methods are applied, and the criticality of each node is quantified using three topological indicators: degree centrality, closeness centrality and structure holes. This further identifies the key generic technologies.     The field of intelligent textiles represents the level of automation, informatization, intellectualization and digitalization of the entire industry, playing a significant role in promoting the digital transformation and high-quality development of the entire industry. Therefore, this paper focuses on the field of intelligent textiles within the textile and garment sector. The results indicate that graphene fibers, flexible nanofibers, polyurethane finishing agents, intelligent sewing technology, superhydrophobic coating technology, sensors, hydrogel conductive technology, carbon fiber composites, grafting technology, and 3D printing technology are the key generic technologies in this field. Finally, according to the identification results and the current development trends of the industry, substantive guidance and suggestions are provided for relevant enterprises and governments. It is recommended that related enterprises choose sustainable materials, manage production processes environmentally friendly, and strengthen technological innovation. For relevant governments, it is suggested to actively promote the concept of circular economy to relevant enterprises and consumers, and issue strong incentive policies to encourage enterprises to strive for upward development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Soap-free emulsion polymerization and properties of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels LONG Xiang, ZHANG Yuhao, QIAN Chen, QIAN Manman Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 30-36.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202412046 Abstract （196）      PDF （4621KB）（43）       Knowledge map    Save Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), as a typical temperature-responsive material, demonstrates good solubility in water at temperatures below its lower critical solution temperature ( LCST, typically around 32 °C). However, when the temperature exceeds the LCST, the PNIPAM molecular chain will undergo a transition from coil to compact globosity, resulting in increased hydrophobicity and rapid precipitation from the water. Microgels based on PNIPAM can quickly respond to external temperature changes, achieving reversible hydrophilic-to-hydrophobic transformations. This is accompanied by changes in volume swelling and contraction, as well as adsorption and release of substances. Therefore, they show a wide range of application potential in intelligent textile materials, printing and dyeing wastewater treatment, cell scaffolds and drug controlled release. Among the preparation methods of PNIPAM microgels, emulsion polymerization plays an important role in large-scale production because of its advantages such as mild conditions, easy control and simple operation. Traditional surfactant-based emulsion polymerization usually relies on emulsifiers such as surfactants to ensure the stable dispersion of microgels in the emulsion. However, it is often challenging to fully remove emulsifier residues from the microgels synthesized via this method, which not only alters the material properties but also poses potential risks of biological toxicity and environmental contamination,limiting its wide application in food, medicine andbioengineering. The selection and optimization of the crosslinking agent are particularly crucial in the preparation of PNIPAM microgels. It not only determines the network structure and mechanical properties of the polymer, but also has a profound effect on the ， morphology, swelling properties and phase transition behavior of the microgels. Therefore, it is very important to select a suitable crosslinker and optimize its dosage to obtain PNIPAM microgels with excellent performance and wide application. To address the issue of surfactant residue in the conventional emulsion polymerization with surfactants for preparing poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels, a soap-free emulsion polymerization was employed to synthesize PNIPAM microgels. This study thoroughly investigated the influence of crosslinker content on the microstructure, swelling properties, temperature-responsive characteristics, and thermodynamic behavior of PNIPAM microgels. By adjusting the crosslinker content, successful control over the morphology and properties of PNIPAM microgels was achieved. The results demonstrated that when the molar concentration of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) was fixed at 100 mmol/L, independent and uniform spherical microgels were formed when the molar concentration of BIS reached 5 mmol/L. Conversely, when the molar concentration of BIS was below 1 mmol/L, irregularly structured microgels were produced. As the molar concentration of BIS increased from 5 mmol/L to 15 mmol/L, the hydrated particle size of PNIPAM microgels decreased from 600 nm to 459 nm. Furthermore, with the increase in BIS molar concentration, both the swelling ratio and thermos-sensitivity of the microgels gradually decreased. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and functional optimization of PNIPAM microgels. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Direct construction of photonic crystal coating systems and their properties SUN Wanyang, LI Xinyang, MIAO Huali, LIU Yijia, LI Yongqiang, SHAO Jianzhong Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 69-76.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202504029 Abstract （194）      PDF （12536KB）（45）       Knowledge map    Save Bionic structural coloration based on photonic crystals is an eco-friendly coloring technology that eliminates the need for chemical colorants and produces no wastewater discharge. Photonic crystal coatings represent the most commonly used and effective approach for preparing bionic photonic crystal structural color coatings demonstrating versatility across various substrates. At present there are two primary methods for preparing photonic crystal coatings:1 the indirect method based on photonic crystal pigments;2 the direct method based on colloidal nanospheres.The indirect method utilizing photonic crystal pigments involves first preparing photonic crystal pigments from colloidal nanospheres followed by constructing photonic crystal coatings using these pigments.However this approach suffers from issues such as a lengthy preparation process complex fabrication procedures and difficulties in balancing color vividness and colorfastness in practical applications.This study proposes a method for directly constructing a self-forming film coating system based on hard-core-soft-shell structured PS@P(MMA-BA) colloidal microspheres and applies this coating system to effectively prepare photonic crystal structural color coatings with high structural stability brightness and saturation on various substrates.The results show that the PS@P(MMA-BA) colloidal nanospheres with uniform size and good sphericity can be synthesized using a semi-batch emulsion polymerization method.By concentrating the colloidal microsphere suspension and constructing the coating system through rotor evaporation,the resulting coating system exhibits high color saturation and brightness along with excellent dynamic recoverability and storage stability.Through blade coating and stepped heating treatment the issue of relatively dim structural color coatings caused by the high viscous resistance of the soft P(BA-MMA) shell layer which impedes the highly ordered arrangement of the hard PS core into a face-centered cubic packing structure is resolved.This enables the rapid and efficient preparation of non-close-packed photonic crystal structural color coatings where the hard core serves as the supporting framework and the soft shell fuses as the filling medium achieving a synergistic optimization of high color saturation and structural stability.By adjusting the particle size of the PS@P(MMA-BA) nanospheres photonic crystal coatings of different colors can be prepared which can be applied to structural color coatings on the surfaces of various substrates all demonstrating significant iridescent effects and exhibiting excellent tolerance in different environments.The photonic crystal coatings prepared in this study exhibit angle-dependent color-changing effects significantly enhancing their visual appeal.Moreover the overall color and luster of the coatings are beautiful and elegant meeting the demands of high-end coating design.These coatings hold broad application prospects in fields such as textiles and automotive coatings providing new ideas and approaches for the practical application of photonic crystal structural coloration technology in the coating industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-stage consistent and controllable virtual try-on based on diffusion models KONG Dongshuai, LU Jian, SUN Hongyu, ZHANG Xiwen, GAO Huiyu Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (10): 77-85.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202410033 Abstract （194）      PDF （12016KB）（39）       Knowledge map    Save With the rapid advancement of image generation technology diffusion models have emerged as a dominant approach in the field of image synthesis and demonstrated significant potential across various application scenarios with virtual try-on being one of its crucial application directions.Compared to traditional generative models diffusion models excel in producing higher-quality images.However due to their inherent randomness it is challenging to ensure consistency between the generated try-on clothing and the reference clothing.Currently despite extensive efforts to enhance consistency by incorporating conditional control into diffusion models but they still face challenges such as accurately preserving clothing details and optimizing the integration quality between clothing and the human body.To address these issues this paper proposes a multi-stage virtual try-on framework aimed at improving clothing consistency and enhancing the integration effect between clothing and the human body.The proposed method consists of two primary stages.In the first stage a clothing deformation network integrated with a multi-scale feature attention module is designed to reduce texture distortion during the clothing deformation process improve the stability of clothing deformation and enhance the ability to preserve detailed textures.In the second stage a local refinement network based on ControlNet is introduced to perform detailed refinement on the boundary regions between clothing and the human body.By incorporating dense pose mapping and clothing reference images as additional control signals this network can effectively reconstruct clothing details achieving a more natural integration of clothing with the human body.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method offers significant advantages in maintaining clothing consistency while improving the realism of the try-on images.Ablation experiments and comparative analysis with current mainstream virtual try-on frameworks further validate the superiority of this approach in preserving clothing details and optimizing the clothing deformation effect.The results indicate that this method has achieved significant improvements in enhancing the quality of virtual try-on but there are still certain limitations.To streamline the workflow and improve overall try-on quality future research will explore end-to-end training strategies and conduct training and testing on larger more diverse datasets to enhance the model's generalization capability.By further optimizing the method and addressing existing challenges this study aims to provide more reliable technical support for intelligent clothing design and digital clothing applications.The proposed method effectively tackles issues related to clothing deformation and detail preservation significantly elevating the visual experience of virtual try-on and providing users with more realistic and reliable try-on effects.These improvements open up new possibilities for applications in intelligent clothing design online shopping platforms and digital clothing displays. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Antimicrobial and moisture-absorbing and quick-drying properties of bio-based polyamide 56/silk interwoven fabrics YE Caiyun, WANG Guofu, WU Huiping, GUO Lingling, TIAN Wei, ZHU Chengyan, ZHANG Hongxia Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (11): 64-72.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202503004 Abstract （194）      PDF （6554KB）（56）       Knowledge map    Save Driven by both consumption upgrading and sustainable development, multi-functional textiles that combine ecological benefits with health functions have emerged as a crucial direction for industrial transformation. This study focuses on bio-based polyamide 56 fiber (PA56), a novel biomass material, of which 45% of its raw materials are derived from renewable resources. It achieves long-lasting antibacterial functionality through modification with glutaric diamine-derived antibacterial agents and leverages the efficient hydration of free amide groups to create moisture absorption advantages. This study systematically constructs a PA56/mulberry silk interwoven fabric system to explore the potential of its antibacterial and moisture absorption properties through yarn blending ratios and structural design. The research not only provides data support for the industrial application of PA56 multi-functional fabrics, but also reveals the performance regulation mechanisms of bio-based composite materials from perspectives such as molecular bonding and fluid dynamics, opening up new technical pathways for the functional modification of textiles. In this study, PA56/silk interwoven fabrics were used as the experimental subjects, and a sample system comprising 20 groups with different weft blending ratios (gradient of PA56 mass fraction) and weave structures (honeycomb, weft-backed, 2/1 twill, and five-heddle satin weaves) was systematically constructed. Quantitative evaluations were conducted through indicators such as antibacterial rate, water absorption rate, and evaporation rate. A performance prediction model was built using curve fitting, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system was constructed for multi-dimensional performance analysis. The correlation mechanisms between yarn composition, weave structure, and the antibacterial and moisture absorption functionalities were analyzed to determine the optimal process parameters for the fabrics. The following conclusions were drawn from the research and analysis: the introduction of PA56 fibers significantly improved the antibacterial properties of the fabric. When the mass fraction of PA56 reached 100%, it exhibited the best inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli (antibacterial rate of 81.4%) and Staphylococcus aureus (antibacterial rate of 92.1%), with a more pronounced enhancement against Staphylococcus aureus. All samples containing PA56 met the standards for antibacterial products (antibacterial rate >70%). The fabrics' comprehensive moisture-absorping and quick-drying performance, from best to worst, was honeycomb weave, five-heddle satin weave, 2/1 twill weave, and weft-backed weave, with porosity and capillary effect being the core influencing factors. An increase in the mass fraction of PA56 led to an improvement in evaporation rate, an increase in wicking height, and a reduction in droplet spreading time. The comprehensive moisture-absorping and quick-drying performance was positively correlated with the proportion of PA56. An increase in the mass fraction of PA56 could simultaneously enhance the fabric's antibacterial and moisture-absorping and quick-drying properties. Additionally, the honeycomb weave achieved the best moisture-absorping and quick-drying effects due to its large surface area, high porosity, and 3D capillary network, verifying the universal performance-enhancing potential of bio-based polyamide 56 fibers in functional textiles. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of succinic acid on the thermal properties of poly(butylene succinate) LIU Yangchen, WANG Yongjun, XU Tao, DAI Junming, CHEN Shichang, LÜ Wangyang, CHEN Wenxing Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (11): 1-8.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202501051 Abstract （192）      PDF （5471KB）（87）       Knowledge map    Save This study aims to investigate the influence of succinic acid raw materials from different sources on the thermal properties of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS). Commercially available petroleum-based succinic acid (SA-1) and bio-based succinic acid (SA-2) were selected as raw materials for impurity detection and subsequent synthesis of PBS samples, in order to evaluate the impact of raw material differences on the properties of PBS. First, the two types of succinic acid raw materials were characterized. The results revealed that both succinic acids contained lactic acid and fumaric acid; the total amount of Na and metal elements in SA-2 was significantly higher than that in SA-1. Subsequently, PBS samples with similar intrinsic viscosities were synthesized using these two succinic acid raw materials, and the properties of the samples were analyzed. There were noticeable differences in the color hues of the PBS samples, with PBS-2 appearing more yellowish and darker compared to PBS-1. This could be attributed to the higher total amount of Na and metal elements in SA-2, leading to more severe thermal degradation reactions during polymerization and the generation of more chromophores. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve analysis indicated that the cold crystallization peak of PBS-2 was significantly higher than that of PBS-1 in the second heating curve, and there was an obvious shoulder peak in the cooling curve of PBS-2. This might be because the thermal degradation reaction during the polymerization of PBS-2 was more severe, resulting in the production of more small-molecule compounds and altering its cold crystallization behavior. The influence of succinic acid raw materials on the thermal stability of PBS was further investigated through thermogravimetric analysis. As the heating rate increased, the maximum thermal degradation temperature of all samples shifted to higher temperatures. At a heating rate of 10 °C/min, the initial decomposition temperature of PBS-1 was lower than that of PBS-2, but as the mass loss increased, the decomposition temperature of PBS-1 gradually became higher than that of PBS-2, with a maximum decomposition temperature of 395.2 °C, higher than the 390.8 °C of PBS-2. This indicated that PBS-1 had higher thermal stability than PBS-2. The thermal degradation activation energy (Ea) was calculated using the Friedman and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods, and the results showed that Ea was approximately in the range of 110–160 kJ/mol, which was close to the results in related literature. Additionally, the Ea of PBS-2 was lower than that of PBS-1, further indicating that the thermal stability of PBS synthesized from bio-based succinic acid was reduced. In conclusion, there are significant differences between petroleum-based succinic acid and bio-based succinic acid, and these differences influence the properties of PBS by influencing its polymerization reaction. Compared to PBS synthesized from petroleum-based succinic acid, PBS synthesized from bio-based succinic acid exhibits reduced thermal stability. This is primarily attributed to the higher content of Na and metal elements in bio-based succinic acid, which leads to more severe thermal degradation reactions and the generation of more small-molecule compounds. These findings provide insights for optimizing PBS production processes and expanding its application scope. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Carbonized nanofibers' confined synthesis of high entropy sulfides for oxygen evolution reaction XIANG Qiaoyi, SUN Shuhui, ZHU Han Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (09): 117-124.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202501026 Abstract （191）      PDF （8118KB）（58）       Knowledge map    Save The advancement of renewable energy sources is regarded as an effective approach to address the environmental challenges and energy crises arising from excessive consumption of traditional fossil fuels. Hydrogen energy, distinguished by its exceptional combustion heat value and green sustainability, stands out among various renewable energy options. Hydrogen production by electrolysis of water represents a highly efficient and direct method capable of rapidly generating high-purity hydrogen to meet the escalating energy demands. However, the core challenge in electrolysis of water is to develop catalysts with high activity and high stability to reduce the cell voltage during the electrolysis process and thus improve energy efficiency. Traditional metallic alloys and their compound materials, constrained by limited elemental diversity and the absence of versatile means to modulate their chemical compositions and electronic structures, exhibit confined potential for improving catalytic performance. High-entropy materials, as a class of innovative multicomponent materials, have profoundly impacted traditional alloy design paradigms. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit unprecedented stability and performance advantages due to their unique characteristics, including the high-entropy effect, lattice distortion effect, sluggish diffusion effect, and "cocktail effect". Among these, the high-entropy effect facilitates the formation of stable solid solutions by enhancing the mixing entropy, thereby overcoming the immiscibility between elements. High-entropy sulfides (HES), emerging as novel multicomponent materials, demonstrate remarkable compositional tunability. By adjusting the metal composition, the adsorption free energy between the catalyst and reaction intermediates can be precisely controlled, optimizing catalytic performance. Furthermore, benefiting from the high-entropy effect, high-entropy sulfides exhibit superior electrocatalytic stability. In this study, HES nanoparticles supported on carbonized nanofibers were successfully prepared by electrospinning, impregnation and Joule pyrolysis, showing excellent catalytic performance of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. The HES with M9S8 and MnS2 composite configurations was obtained by introducing sulfur sources and a variety of metal ions and pyrolysis at different temperatures in Joule pyrolysis. The catalyst prepared at 1,600 °C requires only overpotential of 320 mV to achieve a current density of 50 mA/cm², with a Tafel slope as low as 171 mV/dec. Moreover, its performance remained essentially unchanged after 10 h stability test. The introduction of sulfur led to the formation of a more complex M9S8 crystal structure, promoting synergistic catalysis between metals and sulfur, and significantly enhancing OER activity. This preparation method provides a new strategy for developing efficient and stable high-entropy sulfide catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and performance of flexible triboelectric sensor yarns for human motion monitoring CHEN Guoce, SHEN Hua, XIE Chengbo, LIAO Youmei, CHANG Yanan, DAI Hongfang, HONG Xinhua, MA Aiqin, WEN Run Advanced Textile Technology    2025, 33 (08): 106-116.   DOI: 10.12477/j.att.202411024 Abstract （191）      PDF （13826KB）（60）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, with the development of smart wearables, flexible sensors for human movement monitoring have gained increasing popularity. These flexible sensors are highly functional and safe. Among them, textile-based triboelectric sensors have lower cost, higher stability, stronger integration, and greater advantages in human motion monitoring. To explore the feasibility of applying intelligent textiles for human motion monitoring, a flexible triboelectric sensing yarn with a core-shell structure featuring a double-helix electrode was fabricated using weaving technology. The core yarn (electrode yarn) consists of silver-plated nylon double-helix wrapped around spandex yarn, while the shell yarn is made of PP yarn. The electrical performance, durability and stability of the sensing yarn were tested using a custom-built electrical output test platform. The sensor yarn is integrated with the human body and connected to the test system to monitor the movement status of the human body. The double-helix electrode structure divides the electrode into multiple small regions, and this fragmented structure enhances the triboelectric charge density and improves friction efficiency, thereby boosting the sensor's output efficiency. The results show that the output voltage of the sensing yarn with a double-helix core yarn is significantly higher than that of traditional sensing yarns. The sensing yarn can withstand various mechanical deformations such as bending, twisting, wrapping, and knotting, making it well-suited for integration with the human body; when the PP yarn is woven with 6 strands, the resulting sensing yarn exhibits the most uniform and tight coverage. Additionally, when the conductive yarn has a fineness of 15 tex, the sensing yarn's voltage reaches its peak at 8.84 V. The output current of the sensing yarn in the frequency range of 1–2.5 Hz increases with the acceleration of the frequency, and the output voltage does not change significantly. In the pressure range of 5 N–65 N, both the output voltage and current increase with increasing  pressure. After 500 cycles of movement, bending, and twisting, as well as 20 washes, the sensing yarn maintains stable output, demonstrating good durability, stability, and washability. When encapsulated and integrated into the sole of a shoe, the sensing yarn responds to different motion states such as walking, running, and jumping. The core-shell triboelectric sensing yarn demonstrates the feasibility of applying smart textiles to human motion monitoring and motion state recognition, lays the foundation for research on triboelectric motion monitoring sensors, and also provides inspiration for broadening the application scenarios of textile-based TENG. Smart textiles can also be utilized for optimizing athletic performance, monitoring environmental conditions, and various military applications, among others. The research results can provide reference for the design and development of textile-based sensors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics