Abstract: In the spinning process, yarn breakage detection, especially for fine yarns, is an essential means to improve the performance of spinning equipment. Considering the cost and factors affecting yarn tension, yarn breakage detection in the industry is mainly based on photoelectric non-contact yarn breakage detection. The actual spinning workshop has much cotton wool and dust, which is easy to cause diffuse reflection in the photoelectric detection channel and reduce the sensor's accuracy. At the same time, changes in light intensity in the workshop will also impact the signal received by the opposite photoelectric receiver. In recent years, the spinning industry's image processing related to yarn breakage detection research is also emerging. Still, with the above-mentioned photoelectric detection principle of the same shortcomings, the approach is even more demanding on the light and installation conditions and expensive, with hundreds of spindles in the spinning process being more challenging to promote.
To promote the yarn breakage detection technology for yarns, especially fine yarns, in the spinning link, it is necessary to reduce the dependence of the existing yarn breakage detection methods on the working link and installation conditions, and reduce the cost of yarn breakage detection. Based on the basic principle of electrostatic inductive detection, the electrostatic charge-induced yarn breakage sensor was constructed, and its overall structure, as well as the design of critical components such as primary signal amplification module, shaping and secondary amplification module, output and display module, were theoretically analyzed and experimentally tested. Finally, the test bench of the electrostatic charge induction yarn breakage sensor was construct to test the degree of influence of the moving yarn speed and its material on the electrostatic charge induction yarn breakage sensor in combination with the mechanism of electrostatic charge induction yarn breakage sensor performance based on the electrostatic charge induction strength.
On this basis, we statistically analyzed the output point voltage values of the critical module of the electrostatic charge-induced yarn breakage sensor under the simulated working spindle speeds of the spinning machine at 13,600 r/min and 15,000 r/min, as well as under the yarn breakage condition.
The research found that the speed of the moving yarn and its material are the main influencing factors of the electrostatic charge-induced yarn breakage sensor. Still, the influence is much smaller than the value of the voltage deviation at the output points OUT3 and OUT2 of the back end of the key module of the electrostatic charge-induced yarn breakage sensor when the two states of the moving yarn are broken and unbroken so that this characteristic can be used for the accurate judgment of the broken connection of the yarn.
The sensor seals the circuit and detection electrodes utilizing a closed aluminium case, which reduces dust and charge interference in the air, facilitates the collection of charge signals, and obtains output voltages with significant variations for identifying different types of yarns with minor charge variations. Therefore, the device has a better state detection effect for the yarn carrying static electricity in the spinning process.

Key words: moving yarn, yarn break detection, electrostatic charge induction, sensor, voltage fluctuation

摘要： 针对基于光电非接触式及图像处理式的断纱检测方式对车间生产环境、安装位置、安装角度要求高且设备昂贵等问题，根据静电感应式检测基本原理，设计了静电荷感应式断纱传感器，对其总体结构及关键模块进行理论分析及实验测试，并搭建了静电荷感应式断纱传感器试验台对该传感器的功能进行测试。结果表明：虽然运动纱线速度及其材料是影响静电荷感应式断纱传感器的主要影响因素，但这两个因素所导致的电压波动在静电荷感应式断纱传感器关键模块后端输出点的数值远小于运动纱线在断裂和未断裂状态之间切换时所产生的电压波动。因此，检测静电荷感应式断纱传感器关键模块后端输出点的电压值，可实现对运动纱线断纱情况的准确判断。

关键词: 运动纱线, 断纱检测, 静电荷感应, 传感器, 电压波动