Abstract: With the advancement of technology and the growth of market demand, smart wearable technology is developing rapidly. Smart wearable electronic devices are becoming more and more popular in people's daily life including electronic skin, sports wristbands, smart watches, etc. At present, smart wearable devices are gradually developing towards flexibility, light weight and portability, and they need to meet the characteristics of softness and comfort, flexibility and lightness, and fit the human body well.
Textile materials are found everywhere in people's daily life and can be classified according to their form into fibers, yarns and fabrics, subsequently utilized in various textile processing techniques to manufacture various garments and textile products. At different stages of the manufacturing of processing textiles, fibers and yarns have been defined as one-dimensional horizontal structures and fabrics as two-dimensional or three-dimensional horizontal structures. Now various methods have been proposed to endow them with conductive sensing properties to build wearable and flexible sensor devices to play an important role in fields such as sports, health care, and human-computer interaction. One-dimensional structured flexible sensors have the advantages of less integration difficulty, more excellent conformability, flexibility stretchability, and greater malleability compared to non-one-dimensional sensors, allowing for low-cost processing and continuous production. At present, the research on one-dimensional structured flexible sensors has made significant progress, including the perception of temperature, pressure, stretching and optical changes, and the monitoring of object shape, human movement posture, health status and other functions of the sensor. Some researchers have produced electronic skin, smart clothing and smart textile products by processing them with existing knitting and weaving technologies, which has shown great development potential in developing different smart products. Therefore, one-dimensional structured wearable flexible sensors need to be further studied in depth and a series of smart products such as smart textiles, smart clothing and smart wearable devices can be developed through continuous production with existing mature processing technologies. In addition, the possibility of use of one-dimensional structured flexible sensors to build functions including sensing, actuation, and communication has been proven by researchers. In the future, it will promote the advancement of scientific research in the direction of flexible circuits, fabric antennas, multifunctional sensors, etc., and it has become a research hotspot to research and develop flexible one-dimensional structured sensors and to expand the scope of their comprehensive applications.
In summary, as an important branch of flexible sensor devices, wearable flexible sensors with one-dimensional structure have been favored in the fields of wearable technology, health monitoring, and smart electronic skin, and have also gradually integrated into people's daily life to provide convenience. There is no uniform testing standard for the performance of flexible electronics products, which is still a challenge for researchers in their research work. At present, it is necessary to continuously enhance and improve the functionality and practicality of the products to promote the development of wearable flexible sensors with one-dimensional structure in the field of smart wearables. The future endeavor to design one-dimensional structured sensors with high sensing efficiency, multi-modal functionality, and stable performance requires mutual cooperation among researchers in various fields of textile engineering, electronic information, and materials science to promote scientific and technological innovations, and to bring more convenience to people's life and work.

Key words: one-dimensional structure, flexible sensors, conductive fibers, smart wearable

摘要： 随着智能可穿戴技术的发展，人们对智能化、多功能、易携带的可穿戴设备需求日益增长，可穿戴柔性传感器受到广泛关注并逐渐成为柔性电子领域的研究热点。一维结构柔性传感器具备优异适形性、高集成度和性能稳定等优势，有助于开发高性能、可连续生产、多场景应用的可穿戴柔性电子产品。文章分析了用于一维结构穿戴柔性传感器的导电敏感材料和柔性基底材料，对一维结构穿戴柔性传感器的制备工艺进行划分，从表面涂层、纤维制备以及结构变化方面总结了各种一维结构穿戴柔性传感器的设计和应用。文章讨论了一维结构柔性传感器当前研究中需要突破的工作，对其在可穿戴应用领域的发展前景提出展望，为相关可穿戴柔性器件的研究提供理论价值和工程参考意义。

关键词: 一维结构, 柔性传感器, 导电纤维, 智能可穿戴