关键词: 女性久卧人群, 适应性失能服装, 压力舒适性, 人体工程, 虚拟压力测试

Abstract: As we known, common clothing can have an impact on the daily life of bedridden patients and the occupational health of their nursing staff. Low back pain has become one of the focal points affecting the health level of nurses. To cater to the comfort needs of bedridden female patients and the convenience requirements of the nursing staff, in-depth interviews and field questionnaire surveys were conducted to summarise the physiological and psychological characteristics of both groups. Simultaneously, the functionality, comfort, and privacy aspects of the garments were addressed in a targeted manner.
Virtual fitting using CLO3D software can significantly shorten the design cycle, thereby enhancing the functional needs of both bedridden female patients and nursing staff. According to the preliminary research, this study designed a functional 'umbrella'-style top and trousers with a movable crotch and a front cross on the top. The sleeve openings are adaptable for the treatment and cleaning of all kinds of upper limbs. The trousers feature no traditional front or back crotch but instead incorporate two movable crotches, which effectively shield the privacy of bedridden individuals while also promoting good air circulation. The design not only safeguards the privacy of bedridden patients but also creates a pleasant and breathable environment for them. In the market, garments for bedridden patients often have excess fabric in the front abdomen and back areas, which can lead to increased pressure and a higher risk of bedsores. Additionally, the design may not align well with the physical structure of disabled individuals. The primary factor that affects the comfort of the garment is pressure comfort. To compare the pressure comfort of two garment designs (No. A and No. B), virtual pressure tests were conducted. Then the pressure values and pressure colour distribution were observed through the software interface. The results showed that in terms of overall pressure distribution, No. B garment outperformed No. A in the pressure distribution charts across three postures: supine, sitting, and side-lying. 
Subsequently, the study explored the adjustable range of pressure values of three gathering patterns in total. Each gathering pattern involved four-dimensional adjustments applied to 12 key measurement points. Different gathering patterns could alter the size of the garment material area and the sparsity thickness, which in turn influenced the pressure differentiation presented by each gathering method. In the test, the order of garment pressure comfort was wavy, rectangular, and diamond shapes. The dimensions of the wavy shape, sorted by pressure value, were 2.0 cm, 0.5 cm, 1.5 cm, and 1.0 cm, respectively; for the rectangular shape, the dimensions were 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, 1.0 cm, and 0.5 cm; and for the diamond shape, the dimensions were 1.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 0.5 cm, and 2.0 cm. The pressure solutions can be used for the prevention and treatment of different clinical symptoms. Finally, by combining subjective evaluations with objective experimental analysis, a prototype garment was created to optimize comfort, ease of putting on and taking off, and facilitate nursing care. This innovation makes the garment more suitable for long-term use by women who lie down for extended periods.

Key words: bedridden female individuals, adaptive disability-friendly clothing, pressure comfort, ergonomics, virtual stress test