现代纺织技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (06): 119-125.DOI: 10.12477/xdfzjs.20250614

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聚己内酯/明胶纳米纤维膜的制备及其吸附性能

  

  1. 中原工学院智能纺织与织物电子学院,郑州 450007
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-25 出版日期:2025-06-10 网络出版日期:2025-06-18
  • 作者简介:杨海贞(1989—),女,河南新乡人,讲师,博士,主要从事功能性纳米纤维纺织品方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省高等学校重点科研项目(25B540002),国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410465024),河南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410465026),河南省科技攻关项目(222102230065),中原工学院青年人才创新能力基金项目(K2020QN003)

Preparation of PCL/GEL nanofiber membrane and its adsorption properties

  1. College of Intelligent Textile and Fabric Electronics, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
  • Received:2024-10-25 Published:2025-06-10 Online:2025-06-18

摘要: 为了去除水中的重金属离子,选用聚己内酯(PCL)和明胶(GEL)为原料,通过静电纺丝法制备了PCL/GEL纳米纤维膜,并通过SEM、FTIR和XRD等对纳米纤维膜的形貌、结构和性能进行了测试。此外,使用Cu2+作为目标离子,评估了PCL、GEL和PCL/GEL纳米纤维膜的吸附性能。结果表明:PCL/GEL纳米纤维膜具有多孔和均匀的纤维结构,平均直径为230.49 nm。当Cu2+初始质量浓度为600 mg/L、pH值为6和吸附时间为2 h时,PCL、GEL和PCL/GEL纳米纤维膜对Cu2+的最大吸附容量分别为12.99、22.73、27.42 mg/g。吸附等温线数据显示,吸附过程与Langmuir等温线模型最为一致。以上表明,所制备的PCL/GEL纳米纤维膜为去除水中重金属微污染物提供了一种新的选择。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 聚己内酯, 明胶, 铜离子, 吸附

Abstract: Water pollution is a global issue that has posed threats to both aquatic and human life for decades. The severity of water pollution and its associated health problems has significantly escalated in the 21st century, primarily due to population growth and urbanization. It is estimated that global freshwater demand will increase by 35% by 2050, which will exacerbate the problems of water pollution and scarcity. Currently, various chemical, physical, and biological methods have been introduced to address the challenge of water purification. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a non-toxic, biodegradable hydrophobic polymer with excellent flexibility and plasticity. Gelatin (GEL) is a hydrophilic conductive cationic biopolymer with high biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. GEL exhibits the ability to bind to functional surfaces through electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. This paper focuses on the fabrication of PCL/GEL nanofiber membranes for heavy metal adsorption by combining PCL's superior mechanical properties and spinnability with GEL biopolymer's excellent hydrophilicity and surface charge density.
To construct the PCL/GEL nanofiber membrane, a volume ratio of 4:1 between PCL and GEL spinning solutions was employed. Utilizing electrospinning technology, uniform and smooth PCL/GEL composite nanofibers with an average diameter of 230.49 nm were prepared under conditions of a spinning voltage of 12 kV, a flow rate of 1 mL/h, and a spinning distance of 12 cm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and a JY-82 video contact angle measuring instrument were used to analyze and test the surface functional groups, crystal structure, and water contact angle of the nanofiber membrane, respectively. The results indicated that the characteristic peaks of both PCL and GEL appeared in the FTIR spectrum of the PCL/GEL fiber membrane, with only intensity variations observed in the absorption peaks, indicating a physical mixture of PCL and GEL. Due to the low content of PCL in the PCL/GEL nanofiber membrane, the XRD pattern of PCL/GEL resembled that of pure GEL. Furthermore, the combination of GEL and PCL significantly enhanced the hydrophilicity of the PCL/GEL composite nanofiber membrane. This enhancement was primarily attributed to the abundance of polar groups such as −NH2, −OH and −COOH/−COO− in GEL, which can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. 
Finally, the adsorption properties of PCL, GEL, and PCL/GEL nanofiber membranes were evaluated using Cu2+ as the target ion. Adsorption experiments demonstrated that the optimal adsorption conditions for PCL/GEL nanofiber membranes to exhibit the best adsorption capacity for Cu2+ were as follows: an initial Cu2+ concentration of 600 mg/L, a pH value of 6, and an adsorption time of 2 hours. Under these conditions, the saturated adsorption capacity of the PCL/GEL nanofiber membrane was found to be 27.42 mg/g, which was more than twice that of the pure PCL nanofiber membrane. Additionally, the adsorption behavior of Cu2+ onto PCL/GEL nanofiber membranes was more consistent with the Langmuir model. These results demonstrate that PCL/GEL nanofiber membranes possess high Cu2+ adsorption capacity and have potential applications in the removal of heavy metal ions.

Key words: electrospinning, polycaprolactone, gelatin, copper ions, adsorption

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