碳纳米纤维负极材料制备及其电化学性能

doi:10.19398/j.att.202011004

现代纺织技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 41-46.DOI: 10.19398/j.att.202011004

碳纳米纤维负极材料制备及其电化学性能

周荣鑫^a, 葛烨倩^a^,^b^,^c()

绍兴文理学院,a.纺织服装学院;b.浙江省清洁染整技术研究重点实验室; c.国家碳纤维工程技术中心浙江分中心,浙江绍兴 312000

收稿日期:2020-11-04 出版日期:2022-01-10 网络出版日期:2021-06-29
通讯作者:葛烨倩,E-mail: geyeqian@163.com
通讯作者:葛烨倩
作者简介:周荣鑫(1997-),男,2016级纺织工程专业本科生。
基金资助:
浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGJ18E030001);绍兴市技术创新计划项目(2019B22002)

Preparation and electrochemical properties of carbon nanofiber anode materials

ZHOU Rongxin^a, GE Yeqian^a^,^b^,^c()

a.College of Textile & Garment; b. Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology; c.Zhejiang Sub-center of National Carbonfiber Engineering Technology Research Center, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China

Received:2020-11-04 Published:2022-01-10 Online:2021-06-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了获得性能优异的碳纳米纤维负极材料并对材料的碳化工艺进行探讨,利用静电纺丝技术和高温碳化制备一维碳纳米纤维负极材料。对获得的碳纳米纤维的形貌、化学成分结构及电化学性能进行测试分析,得到优化的预氧化和碳化条件。结果表明:在预氧化条件为250℃、120 min,碳化条件为800℃、120 min条件下制得的碳纳米纤维具有较好的形貌特征及化学性能,平均直径为190 nm,此时碳结构更加有序,碳含量达到73.7%。通过组装锂离子电池测试电池充放电性能,得到在100 mA/g的电流密度下,放电比容量达到568.4 mAh/g,经过100圈循环后容量保持率达77.3%。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 碳纳米纤维, 负极材料, 电化学性能, 锂离子电池

Abstract:

In order to obtain carbon nanofiber anode materials with excellent performance and investigate the carbonization process of the materials, one-dimensional carbon nanofiber anode materials were prepared by means of electrospinning and high-temperature carbonization. The morphology, chemical composition, structure and electrochemical properties of the resulting carbon nanofibers were tested and analyzed, and the optimized pre-oxidation and carbonization conditions were obtained. The results indicate that the carbon nanofibers prepared under the pre-oxidation conditions of 250℃, 120 min, and the carbonization condition of 800℃, 120 min have better morphological characteristics and chemical properties. The average diameter is 190 nm. The carbon structure is more ordered, with a carbon content of 73.7%. By assembling a lithium-ion battery and testing the charging-discharging performance of the battery, we find that the specific discharge capacity reaches 568.4 mAh/g at a current density of 100 mA/g, and the capacity retention rate reaches 77.3% after 100 cycles.

Key words: electrospinning, carbon nanofibers, anode material, electrochemical properties, lithium-ion battery

中图分类号:

TS151

周荣鑫, 葛烨倩. 碳纳米纤维负极材料制备及其电化学性能[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2022, 30(1): 41-46.

ZHOU Rongxin, GE Yeqian. Preparation and electrochemical properties of carbon nanofiber anode materials[J]. Advanced Textile Technology, 2022, 30(1): 41-46.

图/表 7

图1 不同条件下的预氧化纳米纤维膜SEM照片

Fig.1 SEM photos of preoxidized nanofiber membranes under different conditions

图2 未碳化与不同碳化条件下预氧化条件(预氧化250℃,120min)的纳米纤维膜SEM照片

Fig.2 SEM photos of preoxidized nanofiber membranes (preoxidized at 250℃ for 120min) before carbonization and under different carbonized conditions

表1 碳纳米纤维碳元素含量分析

Tab.1 Carbon content of carbon nanofibers

样品	预氧化丝^a	预氧化丝^b	碳化丝^c	碳化丝^d
C/%	63.3	63.6	72.1	73.7

图3 预氧化及碳化纳米纤维的XRD图 a.230℃、90 min预氧化纳米纤维;b.230℃、120 min预氧化纳米纤维;c.250℃、120 min预氧化纳米纤维;d.700℃、120 min碳纳米纤维(预氧化条件为250℃、120 min);e.800℃、120 min碳纳米纤维(预氧化条件为250℃、120 min)

Fig.3 XRD pattern of preoxidized and carbonized nanofibers

图4 纳米纤维膜的TG-DSC图

Fig.4 TG-DSC map of PAN nanofibers

图5 碳化纳米纤维膜的Raman图

Fig.5 Raman map of carbon nanofibers

图6 碳纳米纤维的前三圈充放电曲线和循环性能

Fig.6 First three charge-discharge curves and cycling performance of carbon nanofibers

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碳纳米纤维负极材料制备及其电化学性能

Preparation and electrochemical properties of carbon nanofiber anode materials

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