非接触式纱线状态检测技术研究

doi:10.19398/j.att.202012020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对针织机械生产中纱线张力波动、断纱、停纱等纱线状态变化影响织物质量的问题,深入分析纱线输送动态特征,提出了一种基于红外光投影的光电感应检测方法,阐述了纱线状态检测总体方案,详细论述了纱线状态检测器硬件设计和软件开发。根据光电感应信号特点,设计了双路差分检测放大电路,并采用滞回比较电路实现模拟信号到数字信号的转化。通过对脉冲信号进行统计归纳,最终得到纱线张力与脉冲个数的关系,进而实现针织机械生产编织过程中纱线状态的动态检测和实时报警。测试表明:光电感应的纱线状态检测方法可行,设计的纱线状态检测器工作正常,随着纱线张力的变化,测得的脉冲个数也随之变化,两者具有正相关性。研究成果对纱线张力的非接触性检测研究具有重要意义。

关键词: 纱线输送, 纱线张力, 光电传感, 脉冲信号, 硬件电路

Abstract:

Given the fact that fluctuation of yarn tension, yarn breakage, yarn stoppage and other changes in yarn state in the mechanical production of knitting can affect the quality of fabric, the dynamic characteristics of yarn delivery are deeply analyzed, and a photoelectric sensing detection method based on infrared projection is proposed. An overall detection scheme for yarn state is presented. The hardware design and software development of the yarn state detector are discussed in detail. According to the characteristics of the photoelectric sensing signal, a two-way differential detection amplifier circuit is designed, and a hysteresis comparison circuit is adopted to realize the conversion from analog signal to digital signal. Through the statistical induction of pulse signals, the relationship between the yarn tension and the number of pulses is finally obtained. After that, the dynamic detection and real-time alarm of yarn state during the production and knitting of the knitting machine are realized. The test shows that the yarn state detection method based on photoelectric induction is feasible, and the designed yarn state detector works normally. As the yarn tension changes, the number of measured pulses also changes accordingly. There is a positive correlation between the two. The research results are of great significance for the research of non-contact detection of yarn tension.

Key words: yarn delivery, yarn tension, photoelectric sensing, pulse signal, hardware circuit

中图分类号:

TS103.7

章钰娟, 彭来湖, 徐郁山, 袁嫣红. 非接触式纱线状态检测技术研究[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2022, 30(1): 101-108.

ZHANG Yujuan, PENG Laihu, XU Yushan, YUAN Yanhong. Research on non-contact yarn state detection technology[J]. Advanced Textile Technology, 2022, 30(1): 101-108.

图/表 17

图1 纱线输送图

Fig.1 Yarn delivery diagram

图2 光电感应示意

Fig.2 Photoelectric sensing diagram

图3 纱线状态检测器系统

Fig.3 Yarn status detector system

图4 差分放大电路

Fig.4 Differential amplifier circuit

图5 低通滤波电路

Fig.5 Low-pass filter circuit

图6 滞回比较电路及其传输特性

Fig.6 Hysteresis comparison circuit and its transmission characteristics

图7 软件设计流程

Fig.7 Software design process

图8 采样阶段程序流程

Fig.8 Sampling stage program flow

表1 RS485 通讯协议

Tab.1 RS485 protocol

字节	Data0	Data1	Data2	Data3	Data4	Data5	Data6	Data7
功能	包头	设备地址	功能代码	数据0	数据1	校验码L	校验码H	包尾

图9 实验平台

Fig.9 Experiment platform

图10 纱线状态检测器

Fig.10 Yarn status detector

图11 电压信号OUTA波形

Fig.11 Voltage signal OUTA waveform

图12 OUTB 电压波形

Fig.12 OUTB voltage waveform

表2 脉冲调试数据

Tab.2 Pulse debugging data

纱线张力/cN	9	12	15	18	21	24	27	30
第1组/个	53	58	65	71	75	78	80	85
第2组/个	58	64	65	72	73	78	79	81
第3组/个	51	63	67	73	74	77	78	87
第4组/个	52	61	68	73	72	79	82	84
第5组/个	55	61	64	71	74	78	80	87
第6组/个	56	59	66	72	75	79	81	86
平均值(取整)/个	54	61	66	72	74	78	80	85

图13 不同纱线张力下的脉冲数

Fig.13 Number of pulses under different yarn tensions

图14 集控器界面

Fig.14 Centralized Controller Interface

图15 纱线状态检测器亮灯

Fig.15 Yarn status detector lights up

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