日常防护型口罩结构分析及性能研究

doi:10.19398/j.att.202101013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究口罩结构参数对过滤性能及透气透湿性能的影响,对8种日常防护型口罩内层、过滤层及外层的结构参数进行分析,并对其透气透湿性能、过滤性能进行测试和表征。结果表明:过滤层结构参数对过滤性能的影响权重从大到小依次为:纤维直径、平均孔径、孔隙率,且随着纤维直径的减小,口罩的过滤性能呈增大趋势;口罩整体的透气性能主要受口罩内层影响,且随着口罩内层透气性能的增大,整体透气性能呈增加趋势;口罩整体的透湿性能主要受过滤层影响,且随着过滤层透湿性能的增大,整体透湿性能呈增加趋势。

关键词: 日常防护口罩, 结构参数, 过滤效率, 舒适性能, 复合结构层

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of structural parameters on the filtration efficiency, air permeability and moisture permeability of masks, the structural parameters of the inner layer, filter layer and outer layer of eight kinds of daily protective masks were analyzed, their air permeability, moisture permeability and filtration efficiency were tested and characterized. The results show that the order of size wtih the influence weight of the structural parameters of filter layer on the filtration efficiency is: fiber diameter, average pore size, porosity; with the decrease of fiber diameter, the filtration efficiency of masks increases; the overall air permeability of masks is mainly affected by the inner layer of masks, and with the increase of the air permeability of the inner layer of masks, the overall air permeability shows an increasing trend. The overall moisture permeability of masks is mainly affected by the filter layer, and with the increase of the moisture permeability of the filter layer, the overall moisture permeability shows an increasing trend.

Key words: daily protective mask, structural parameters, filtration efficiency, comfort, composite layer

中图分类号:

TS177

李龙飞, 邵灵达, 林平, 祝成炎, 丁圆圆, 田伟. 日常防护型口罩结构分析及性能研究[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2022, 30(1): 178-184.

LI Longfei, SHAO Lingda, LIN Ping, ZHU Chengyan, DING Yuanyuan, TIAN Wei. Structural analysis and performance of daily protective mask[J]. Advanced Textile Technology, 2022, 30(1): 178-184.

图/表 7

参考文献 17

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口罩编号	内/过滤 /外层	组织	厚度/mm	平方米质量 /(g·m^-2)	密度/(根·10cm^-1)		纤度/tex
口罩编号	内/过滤 /外层	组织	厚度/mm	平方米质量 /(g·m^-2)	经纱	纬纱	经纱	纬纱
A	内层	经平针	0.42	142.44	310(纵密)	190(横密)	7.30	7.30
	过滤层	—	0.28	41.88	—	—	—	—
	外层	纬双反面	0.74	242.08	190(纵密)	180(横密)	12.60	12.60
B	内层	经平针	0.41	116.84	250(纵密)	180(横密)	6.70	6.70
	过滤层	—	0.18	42.20	—	—	—	—
	外层	经平针	0.43	130.12	230(纵密)	170(横密)	10.30	10.30
C	内层	—	0.23	25.56	—	—	—	—
	过滤层	—	0.14	25.32	—	—	—	—
	外层	—	0.17	29.16	—	—	—	—
D	内层	—	0.22	25.42	—	—	—	—
	过滤层	—	0.15	26.15	—	—	—	—
	外层	—	0.16	28.56	—	—	—	—
E	内层	五枚缎纹	0.22	76.44	980	640	4.30	5.20
	过滤层	—	0.36	30.68	—	—	—	—
	外层	五枚缎纹	0.22	75.76	940	620	3.20	5.10
F	内层	五枚缎纹	0.18	67.21	910	500	4.10	4.90
	过滤层	—	0.18	40.24	—	—	—	—
	外层	五枚缎纹	0.16	58.52	900	480	3.10	4.90
G	内层	平纹	0.31	124.22	420	420	8.00	10.10
	过滤层	—	0.17	25.48	—	—	—	—
	外层	二上二下斜纹	0.18	68.84	380	340	18.50	19.10
H	内层	平纹	0.21	82.08	450	340	8.90	10.90
	过滤层	—	0.24	66.81	—	—	—	—
	外层	五枚缎纹	0.23	95.84	580	380	7.40	8.80

口罩编号	内/过滤 /外层	组织	厚度/mm	平方米质量 /(g·m^-2)	密度/(根·10cm^-1)		纤度/tex
口罩编号	内/过滤 /外层	组织	厚度/mm	平方米质量 /(g·m^-2)	经纱	纬纱	经纱	纬纱
A	内层	经平针	0.42	142.44	310(纵密)	190(横密)	7.30	7.30
	过滤层	—	0.28	41.88	—	—	—	—
	外层	纬双反面	0.74	242.08	190(纵密)	180(横密)	12.60	12.60
B	内层	经平针	0.41	116.84	250(纵密)	180(横密)	6.70	6.70
	过滤层	—	0.18	42.20	—	—	—	—
	外层	经平针	0.43	130.12	230(纵密)	170(横密)	10.30	10.30
C	内层	—	0.23	25.56	—	—	—	—
	过滤层	—	0.14	25.32	—	—	—	—
	外层	—	0.17	29.16	—	—	—	—
D	内层	—	0.22	25.42	—	—	—	—
	过滤层	—	0.15	26.15	—	—	—	—
	外层	—	0.16	28.56	—	—	—	—
E	内层	五枚缎纹	0.22	76.44	980	640	4.30	5.20
	过滤层	—	0.36	30.68	—	—	—	—
	外层	五枚缎纹	0.22	75.76	940	620	3.20	5.10
F	内层	五枚缎纹	0.18	67.21	910	500	4.10	4.90
	过滤层	—	0.18	40.24	—	—	—	—
	外层	五枚缎纹	0.16	58.52	900	480	3.10	4.90
G	内层	平纹	0.31	124.22	420	420	8.00	10.10
	过滤层	—	0.17	25.48	—	—	—	—
	外层	二上二下斜纹	0.18	68.84	380	340	18.50	19.10
H	内层	平纹	0.21	82.08	450	340	8.90	10.90
	过滤层	—	0.24	66.81	—	—	—	—
	外层	五枚缎纹	0.23	95.84	580	380	7.40	8.80

编号	纤维直径 x₁/μm	平均孔径 x₂/μm	孔隙率 x₃/%	过滤效率y/%
1	2.42	7.85	83.56	99.62
2	2.85	15.24	74.24	95.97
3	2.73	8.98	80.13	97.37
4	2.63	9.57	80.64	96.34
5	5.36	17.37	80.64	76.95
6	2.64	8.34	84.31	98.01
7	4.46	12.17	83.53	83.75
8	7.81	19.24	79.96	63.34

编号	纤维直径 x₁/μm	平均孔径 x₂/μm	孔隙率 x₃/%	过滤效率y/%
1	2.42	7.85	83.56	99.62
2	2.85	15.24	74.24	95.97
3	2.73	8.98	80.13	97.37
4	2.63	9.57	80.64	96.34
5	5.36	17.37	80.64	76.95
6	2.64	8.34	84.31	98.01
7	4.46	12.17	83.53	83.75
8	7.81	19.24	79.96	63.34

编号	纤维直径 x₁'/μm	平均孔径 x₂'/μm	孔隙率 x₃'/%	过滤效率y'/%
1	0.00	0.00	0.57	1.00
2	0.07	0.45	0.00	0.90
3	0.05	0.07	0.36	0.94
4	0.03	0.11	0.39	0.91
5	0.47	0.58	0.39	0.38
6	0.04	0.03	0.61	0.96
7	0.33	0.26	0.57	0.56
8	0.86	0.69	0.35	0.00