关键词: 气流导向装置, 紧密纺, 成纱原理, 纱线质量, 集聚区

Abstract: Although new technologies such as compact spinning and torsion spinning have been widely used in today's spinning environment, ring spinning as the mainstream spinning method still has the advantages of reasonable structure and a wide range of suitable spinning numbers. New technologies such as compact spinning have been extended based on ring spinning to meet the increasing demand for yarn quality. Specifically, compact spinning is characterized by the addition of a fiber agglomeration device that agglomerates the bearded strips after spinning and then completes the twisting process. This method improves yarn quality by effectively reducing the width of the output strands, thereby reducing or even eliminating the twisting triangle, increasing the fiber holding force, and improving yarn quality.
In actual production, fiber agglomeration is mainly achieved by the negative pressure generated by the suction device. However, in this process, problems include excessive energy consumption and unreasonable negative pressure distribution to the fibers. Therefore, to improve yarn quality and reduce energy consumption at the same time, we proposed the design of an airflow-guiding device based on negative-pressure compact spinning. By adding an airflow guiding device above the suction port, the direction of airflow on the yarn and the magnitude of the force can be changed to improve the fiber agglomeration effect. In the spinning process for different thread densities, we proposed a corresponding experimental scheme and comparatively studied the dryness, hairiness, and strength properties of the compact spun yarns. The experimental results show that the airflow-guiding device significantly changes the yarn properties. Compared with conventional compact spun yarns, the strength and hairiness of the yarn are significantly improved, but the dryness deteriorates. The improvement of strength is more obvious as the density of the spun yarn decreases, while the improvement of hairiness is better as the density of the yarn increases. For example, in spinning 7.4 tex yarns, the strength increases by 7.4% and the 3 mm hairiness decreases by 16.0%; in spinning 14.8 tex yarns, the strength increases by 3.0% and the 3 mm hairiness decreases by 58.1%.
In general, although compact spinning has the advantage of yarn quality, it also has the problem of high energy consumption. Therefore, researchers have been actively exploring the option of airflow guidance devices for negative-pressure compact spinning to improve yarn quality and reduce energy consumption. The results of this paper provide suggestions for the design and development of airflow guidance devices for negative-pressure compact spinning.

Key words: airflow guide device, compact spinning, yarn formation principles, yarn quality, aggregation region