关键词: 化学镀银, 锦纶, 镀银织物, 热反射, 保暖隔热性能, 硝酸银, 质量浓度

Abstract: In recent years, the frequency of global extreme climate events has increased dramatically. In extremely low temperature and harsh environments, the heat generated by the spontaneous metabolic activities of the human body is difficult to compensate for the heat lost on the surface of clothing. Traditional thermal insulation materials are too thick and heavy, making it difficult for people to wear heavy clothing for daily life and work. Ordinary people, especially those who are in outdoor survival, polar exploration or military personnel, have an increasing demand for lightweight and efficient thermal insulation textiles. Thermal radiation is one of the ways for human body to exchange heat with the surrounding environment. How to improve the thermal insulation performance of clothing by thermal radiation management under the same weight/thickness condition is a goal that researchers have been pursuing. In recent years, researchers have proposed the ′′personal thermal management′′ method, which uses nanomaterials to increase the thermal infrared reflectivity of materials and reduce the loss of human body radiation heat, and serves as an important way to achieve lightweight and efficient thermal insulation of materials. How to achieve low cost, air permeability and moisture permeability, wear resistance and durability is the main direction to make it practical.
Nylon fabrics have excellent properties such as wear resistance, moisture absorption, and elasticity, but they also have disadvantages such as low infrared reflectivity. To meet the needs of some special properties, nylon fabrics are often modified to improve and enhance the physical and chemical properties. In this study, nylon fabrics were chemically silver-plated to increase the infrared reflectivity of the fabric by depositing a silver nanolayer on the surface of nylon fibers. Different deposition conditions affect the thermal insulation performance of fabrics. We focused on the effect of AgNO3 concentration on the thermal insulation performance of fabrics.  SEM was used to observe the surface morphology of Ag coating on nylon fabric surface, FTIR-ATR was used to analyze the far-infrared reflectance of nylon fabrics in the range of 8–14 μm wavelength, and the weight gain rate and thermal infrared imaging of silver-plated fabrics were characterized. The effect of AgNO3 mass concentration on the thermal insulation performance of nylon fabric composite thermal batting was explored. The results show that: in the range of 1–9 g/L, the far-infrared reflectivity and weight gain rate of nylon silver-plated fabric increase with the increase of AgNO3 mass concentration; the higher the AgNO3 mass concentration, the larger the Clo value of nylon silver-plated fabrics, and compared with the original fabric, the Clo value of the fabric after chemical silver plating can be increased to 2.2 times that of the original fabric. With the increase of AgNO3 mass concentration, the air permeability and moisture permeability of nylon silver-plated fabric are above 43mm/s and 87.93 g/(m2·h) respectively. After 3000 times of friction, the weight loss rate of Ag layer is about 1.7%. When the AgNO3 mass concentration is in the range of 5–7 g/L, the far-infrared reflectivity and thermal insulation performance of nylon silver-plated fabrics in the wavelength range of 8–14 μm are the best. This study fully utilizes the high infrared reflectivity of metal silver by the electroless silver plating method to reduce the heat radiation of fabrics, which effectively improves the thermal insulation performance of the fabrics. Such fabrics have good air permeability, moisture permeability and wear resistance. It has significance for silver metallized fabrics to be used as thermal insulation material for thermal radiation management.

Key words: electroless silver plating, nylon, silver-platedfabric, thermal reflectivity, thermal insulation, silver nitrate, mass concentration