关键词: 户外帐篷, 军用帐篷, 民用帐篷, 帐篷材料, 可持续发展

Abstract: Tents act as temporary shelters in outdoor activities to protect the safety of users. Tent cloth is the main body of the tent, and different tent materials can endow the tent with different functions to cope with different use scenarios. This paper reviewed the development history of tent materials, and summarized the latest progress in the field of tent materials in the past ten years, with focus on the development and practical application of functional civil and military tent materials. 
At present, the tent materials on the market are mainly synthetic fiber composite materials, and on the basis of meeting the basic performance requirements of wind and rain and cold resistance, consumers pay more attention to the multi-functional tents, for example, tents that can maintain the humidity of the tent waterproof permeable materials. Thermal insulation materials reduce heat transfer between internal and external temperatures through thermal insulation, reflective materials and ventilation design, so that the temperature inside the tent is kept within a suitable range; radiative cooling materials achieve no energy consumption cooling through radiative heat transfer; inflatable tents are light and easy to carry and set up. Made of environmentally friendly materials, biodegradable and recyclable bio-based tents are hot spots in the field of civilian tents. Military tents play an essential and key role in military operations, providing the necessary infrastructure and support for the army, and providing comprehensive protection for high-intensity military activities. Compared with civilian tent materials, military tent materials have more special performance requirements in terms of functionality, such as infrared stealth materials to reduce detection risks, electromagnetic shielding materials to protect communication privacy, bio-resistant tents to protect against biochemical threats, and solar-powered tents for sustainable energy supply are all hot spots in research. 
With the continuous improvement of the level of textile and material science and technology, as well as the further development of outdoor leisure industry, the outdoor tent material market at home and abroad has broad prospects for development. At present, in terms of the research, development, and production of civil and military tent materials, Europe, the United States and other developed countries are in a leading position, while in terms of processing and application, domestic research units and enterprises only stay in the laboratory or theoretical application range, and industrial processing means and large quantities of application effects still need to be further developed and verified. In the future, outdoor tents will tend to be lightweight, intelligent, multi-functional,green, and sustainable.

Key words: outdoor tents, for military use, for civilian use, tent materials, sustainable development