关键词: 丁香酚, 介孔二氧化硅, 海藻酸钙海绵, 敷料, 抗菌

Abstract: Eugenol （EG） is an important bioactive compound extracted from natural cloves. Every 100 g of fresh clove contains 9.4-14.7 g of eugenol essential oil. Eugenol has various health benefits，including anti-cancer，antioxidant，preservative，and anti-depressant properties. It also exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against various bacteria and fungi，making it a highly desirable controlled and natural antibacterial material for wound care applications such as wound healing and hemostasis. However，due to the rapid volatility and chemical instability of eugenol essential oil，its utilization efficiency is low in practical applications，often requiring encapsulation for use.
In order to address the issues of easy volatility and low utilization efficiency of eugenol in practical applications，mesoporous silica nanoparticles （MSNs） are introduced. MSNs have been widely studied in the fields of environment，energy，and biotechnology due to their high specific surface area，tunable pore size，ease of functionalization，as well as excellent thermal stability，chemical stability，and biocompatibility. It is expected that these characteristics can be utilized to achieve efficient and sustained release of eugenol.
In this paper，an improved Stöber method was used to prepare high specific surface area MSNs under mild conditions for loading the natural antibacterial active substance EG，resulting in the synthesis of aromatic antibacterial nanoparticles （EG@MSNs） with good thermal stability，high loading capacity，and fast release rate. The prepared eugenol-specific mesoporous silica particles had a particle size range of 100-200 nm，a pore size of 6.54 nm，and a specific surface area of 998.05 m2/g. The test results showed that the eugenol loading capacity reached 57.09%. The rapid antibacterial effect of EG@MSNs was verified through testing in simulated wound tissue fluid，where the instantaneous release of EG@MSNs at a calculated dispersal concentration of 2.35 mg/mL reached the same level as that achieved by excessive EG addition. This allows EG@MSNs to maximize their effectiveness in wound dressings for trauma treatment and has the potential to synergize with "Moist Wound Healing" theory，quickly creating an antibacterial liquid microenvironment. Furthermore，the EG@MSNs were uniformly loaded onto nonwoven calcium alginate dressings （CA@NWs） using the spray-coating technique resulted in a dressing with over 15 days of inhibition against Escherichia coli and a 71.4% reduction in clotting time. The dressing also exhibited excellent performance in terms of fluorescence properties，surface active substances，water extractables，and pH of water immersion extract. The research results demonstrate that eugenol/mesoporous silica nanoparticles have a rapid antibacterial effect and show great potential for practical applications in the field of wound antibacterial repair.

Key words: eugenol, mesoporous silica, calcium alginate sponge, dressing, antibacterial