关键词: 纺丝油剂, 油剂单体, 聚酯纤维 , 全拉伸丝, 发展趋势

Abstract: The FDY spinning oil is an indispensable auxiliary in the production of polyester FDY, providing the fibers with excellent smoothness, bundling, anti-static properties, and abrasion resistance during the spinning process, thus ensuring the fibers proceed smoothly through subsequent processing steps.
This review comprehensively introduced the research progress on FDY spinning oils both domestically and internationally. First, it elucidated the composition of FDY spinning oils, which mainly include smoothing agents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, bundling agents and anti-static agents. Smoothing agents primarily reduce friction between fibers, enhancing their smoothness and ensuring the seamless spinning process. Emulsifiers aid in the dispersion of the oil in water, forming stable emulsions that are easier to apply and distribute. Wetting agents improve the spreadability of the oil on the fiber surface, ensuring uniform coverage. Bundling agents assist in the cohesion of fibers during the spinning process, while anti-static agents address the issue of static buildup during spinning, preventing quality defects caused by static electricity.
The review also briefly introduced FDY spinning oil products from major companies abroad and their development status. International FDY spinning oil products have achieved many significant technological advancements. For instance, many foreign companies have started to develop and apply new types of oils with excellent biodegradability to reduce environmental impact. Additionally, significant progress has been made in improving anti-static properties, abrasion resistance, and thermal stability of foreign products, greatly enhancing the performance of polyester FDY fibers in practical applications. Furthermore, the review summarized the latest research progress on FDY spinning oils in China, with a particular focus on breakthroughs and applications in technological innovation. Domestic research institutions and companies have also made significant achievements in the development and application of FDY spinning oil. For example, some domestic research efforts have focused on optimizing oil formulations to improve the smoothness and anti-static properties of fibers to meet the needs of different application fields. Moreover, some studies have explored the potential of enhancing oil performance through the introduction of nanotechnology and functional additives, providing new ideas and directions for the development of FDY spinning oils. Finally, this review discussed the development prospects of FDY spinning oils. In the future, with the continuous development of the textile industry, the demand for new polyester fibers will continue to increase, which will pose higher requirements for the performance of spinning oils. As new materials and technologies continue to emerge, the performance and application scope of FDY spinning oils will continue to expand. These innovations will sustain the development of new polyester FDY fibers, promoting further advancement in the textile industry.

Key words: spinning oil, oil monomer, polyester fiber, fully drawn yarn, development trend