关键词: 被子, 睡眠质量, 热湿舒适性, 冬季暖气房, 深睡眠

Abstract: The study, with sleep quality, thermal and moisture comfort, and subjective assessments as the key evaluation indicators, aimed to assess and compare the sleep comfort provided by different types of quilts in a winter heating room environment, so as to provide reference for exploring how different quilts affect human sleep comfort and to facilitate the scientific selection of quilts in various environments. 
This paper analyzed the differences in quilt sleep comfort through human trial tests. Five types of quilts, namely gauze quilts with cotton padding, down quilts, silk quilts, chemical fiber quilts and wool quilts, were selected in a climate chamber simulating a winter heating room environment (20°C, 40%), and subjects' subjective assessments of thermal and moisture comfort, as well as sleep quality, were collected by using polysomnography and temperature and humidity sensors, which were used to characterize sleep quality, mean skin temperature, shoulder and waist humidity and heart rate during sleep with the different quilts.
    The filling materials of quilts had a significant effect on the measured sleep quality (p＜0.1), for instance, the gauze quilts with cotton padding exhibited the highest sleep efficiency, which was significantly greater than that of the down quilts (p＜0.05), and the gauze quilts with cotton padding ranked second only to the chemical fiber quilts in terms of deep sleep duration, accounting for 28.63% of the total time in bed. Furthermore, the chemical fiber quilts were significantly better than the silk quilts in terms of deep sleep duration. The sleep quality results indicated that the gauze quilts with cotton padding and chemical fiber quilts provided the best sleep quality, followed by the wool quilts and the down quilts, and the silk quilts were the lowest. The quilt filling material had little effect on thermal and moisture comfort property and all five quilts performed well. To be specific, the gauze quilts with cotton padding had the best thermal and moisture comfort, the wool quilts showed the greatest thermal resistance and provided the best thermal insulating property. The gauze quilts with cotton padding had a higher percentage of low frequency heart rate and better sleep performance. The subjective thermal and moisture sensation ratings were all close to comfort, locating in the slightly cool range, especially for the silk quilts, whereas that for the wool quilts was between neutral and slightly warm. All five quilts were rated as comfortable, with the chemical fiber and wool quilts receiving the highest comfort ratings (both rated 0). For the ease of falling asleep and sleep satisfaction, the silk quilts were better than the others and less likely to wake up, followed by the gauze quilts with cotton padding, and the down quilts were the worst. In addition, the gauze quilts with cotton padding were the best in terms of being refreshed after sleep, and the silk quilts were the worst.
    The chemical fiber quilts show the longest deep sleep duration, the highest sleep efficiency and the best sleep performance, the gauze quilts with cotton padding have the highest sleep efficiency, the second longest deep sleep and also achieve better sleep quality, the wool quilts have the highest thermal resistance to provide good warmth and the best thermal and moisture comfort, but are thicker and have a poorer fit, the silk quilts have the worst sleep quality and the lowest proportion of deep sleep, and the down quilts provide a better sleep performance. In summary, in a winter heating room, chemical fiber quilts or gauze quilts with cotton padding can lead to better sleep performance. If the indoor temperature is slightly lower than this simulated environment, wool quilts can provide good thermal and moisture comfort during the night. Therefore, it is recommended to select quilts with higher thermal insulation and improved breathability to ensure optimal sleep quality..

Key words: quilts, sleep quality, thermal and moisture comfort, winter heating room, deep sleep