关键词: 碳纤维上浆剂, 复合材料, 耐高温, 表面性能, 应用性能

Abstract: In the preparation process of carbon fiber, sizing is an indispensable process, its function is to form a uniform layer of organic polymer thin layer on the surface of carbon fiber, protect the surface activity of carbon fiber, enhance the wettability, reactivity, adhesion of carbon fiber surface, etc., which is conducive to improving the bonding performance between fiber and resin matrix, and enhancing the comprehensive performance of composite products. The sizing agent is generally composed of polymer resin as the main body, with various surfactants and additives. Mainly divided into three categories: solvent-based sizing agent, emulsion-type sizing agent and water-soluble sizing agent, water-soluble sizing agent has become the mainstream of carbon fiber and its composite material research and development because of its storage stability, good safety and low environmental pollution.
In recent years, China's carbon fiber industry has shown explosive development, and the development and application of polymer-based carbon fiber composites in frontier fields such as aerospace, high-speed rail, new energy vehicles and fuel cells have developed rapidly, which has put forward higher requirements for the development of high-performance carbon fiber composites. The decomposition temperature of conventional sizing agent is about 200 °C, which is easy to thermally decompose under the conditions of high-temperature processing and molding process of high-temperature resistant and high-performance resin, resulting in local defects in the interface layer of the material and affecting the overall performance of the composite material. In order not to affect the high temperature resistance of the composite material, it is necessary to develop a high temperature resistant sizing agent that matches the high temperature resistance of the resin matrix.
Based on the relevant literature in recent years, it can be seen that the high temperature resistance of the sizing agent is mainly achieved by the high temperature resistance of the main resin of the film former, physical and chemical modification such as blending and copolymerization, or the performance optimization of the hybrid and sizing agent formula of nanomaterials. In this paper, the research progress of high-temperature resistant carbon fiber sizing agents in recent years is reviewed, and the traditional thermosetting resins and rapidly developing high-temperature thermoplastic resins and their modified products are classified and summarized as various types of sizing agents with their modified products as the main components, focusing on their modification methods, especially water-based modification methods, and analyzing the application properties of various sizing agents, such as water solubility, high temperature resistance, surface properties and its influence on the mechanical properties of composite materials. From the perspective of industrial application, it is proposed that in addition to the research on hot spot properties and preparation methods, carbon fiber sizing should also pay attention to the research on the overall application of sizing agent, such as the stability, wettability, particle size distribution of sizing emulsion, the surface interface properties and overall mechanical properties of carbon fiber and composite materials after sizing. Finally, according to the development status of carbon fiber sizing agent and the performance requirements of advanced high temperature resistant resin-based carbon fiber composites, the development of high temperature resistant waterborne carbon fiber sizing agent is prospected.

Key words: carbon fiber sizing agent, composite material, high temperature resistance, surface properties, application properties