关键词: 织物防霉剂, 上浆整理, OIT, IPBC, ZPT, 浆料

Abstract: During the storage of fabrics, especially in humid and high-temperature environments, it is easy to produce mildew stains that are difficult to clean. To solve this problem during weaving and short-term storage of fabrics, Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus versicolor were used as the test strains, and four kinds of antifungal agents with active components, including iodopropylene-butyl carbamate (IPBC), zinc pyrithione (ZPT), octyl isothiazolinone (OIT) and silver chloride (AgCl), were selected and mixed with different sizing agents to explore antifungal agents with high application value suitable for the fabric sizing process. The antifungal properties of the four antifungal agents were compared by the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) test. The results demonstrated that the MBC value of the antifungal agent to the two molds was the same, the MBC value of AgCl was 0.156 mg/mL, that of IPBC and OIT was 0.313 mg/mL, and that of ZPT was 2.500 mg/mL, indicating that silver had the strongest antifungal ability. After the above four antifungal agents were added to the three common sizing agents of acrylate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and starch, the bacteriostatic zone test, sizing agent viscosity test and zeta potential test indicated that the properties of the sizing agents had a remarkable effect on the diffusion of the antifungal agents. The antibacterial properties of IPBC and OIT in the starch size were significantly enhanced, indicating that the compatibility of the two with the sizes was good. Specifically, the diameters of the inhibition zone of OIT in acrylate size, PVA size and starch size against Penicillium chrysogenum were 21.3 mm, 30.3 mm and 40.0 mm, respectively, while those against Aspergillus versicolor were 23.7 mm, 28.3 mm and 40.0 mm, respectively. Compared with acrylate and PVA size, starch size significantly promoted the bacteriostatic effect of IPBC and OIT but reduced the bacteriostatic ability of ZPT and AgCl. The probable cause is related to Zn2+ and Ag+ forming complexes with starch colloids, which are the active components of the latter two. In terms of price and effect, OIT has the highest application value. Finally, antifungal agents were applied to different fabrics through sizing treatment. The results of SEM analysis, contact angle test and anti-mildew test of fabrics show that the antifungal agents can be uniformly coated onto the surface of fabrics through the padding-sizing treatment, endowing the fabrics with excellent anti-mildew ability. The viscosity and hydrophilicity of the sizing agent have a significant impact on the anti-mildew ability of the fabric after sizing and finishing. Cotton and polyester fabrics show good mildew resistance, which may be related to the high viscosity and good hydrophilicity of starch and PVA size. Polyamide fiber sized with acrylate shows a poor anti-mildew effect, which indicates that several antifungal agents can be combined in the future to achieve a better anti-mildew effect and lower cost. Our study provides guidance for future research on antifungal compounds and engineering scale-up applications.

Key words: fabric antifungal agent, sizing and finishing, OIT, IPBC, ZPT, sizing agent