元宇宙时代下虚拟服装的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 虚拟服装是时尚产业中的新兴领域，随着元宇宙时代的到来，其发展前景和应用场景备受关注。为探讨元宇宙时代下虚拟服装的研究现状和发展趋势，首先总结了虚拟服装运用的关键技术以及目前面临的技术瓶颈。调查研究发现，虚拟服装技术主要包括三维建模、动态模拟、渲染、交互等方面，其中动态模拟和实时渲染是技术难点和热点。这些技术的突破将进一步推动虚拟服装领域的创新和发展，为用户带来更加逼真、个性化的虚拟服装体验。然后介绍了虚拟服装的市场演化、应用场景等。在元宇宙时代，虚拟服装市场的应用正在不断扩大至游戏、社交、娱乐和教育等领域，这为虚拟服装带来了更多机遇和挑战，需要进一步提高技术水平和创新设计理念。

关键词: 数字化时装, 3D建模, 增强现实, 虚拟现实, 区块链, 元宇宙

Abstract: Virtual clothing is a virtual reality application based on computer technology. Its background and purpose are to provide people with a new fashion experience. With the rapid development of virtual reality technology, virtual clothing has begun to show more and more application scenarios, such as virtual fitting and metaverse. Virtual clothing can not only provide consumers with a better shopping experience, but also reduce the cost of the brand and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, there are great potential and development space for the research and application of virtual clothing .
The research of virtual clothing began in the 1980s. Early studies mainly focused on physical simulation technology of cloth. For example, in 1986, WEIL proposed a method based on cloth synthesis. Subsequently, TERZOPOULOS et al. extended it to elastic deformation and inelastic deformation, such as the elastic deformation model proposed in 1987 and the inelastic deformation model concerning viscoelasticity, plasticity and fracture proposed in 1988. Researchers are committed to improving the realism and fidelity of virtual clothing, and effectively reducing the amount of calculation and simulation complexity.
With the continuous advancement of technology, the research of virtual clothing has gradually shifted to application. Aiming at the bottleneck problem of virtual fitting, many studies have focused on optimizing the fitting process. For example, KOO et al. proposed the problem of semi-drag skirt cutting angle in 2009, while WANG and LIU developed a virtual fitting platform based on CLO3D in 2020.
In the context of the metaverse, the research of virtual fashion is increasingly focused on the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence and blockchain, like artificial intelligence-based textile feature modeling, and probability distribution model of virtual try-on experience. In addition, with the development of blockchain technology, the application of non-homogeneous tokens (NFT) in the field of virtual fashion has also begun to receive attention. For the display of virtual fashion, virtual try-on systems based on technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) in existing research have broad application prospects.
Virtual clothing is always committed to providing a new fashion experience. In the past few decades, researchers have made a lot of progress from physical simulation to the application of metaverse. In the future, virtual clothing will continue to grow and develop, and will be applied in more markets and application scenarios. At the same time, the emergence of various emerging technologies will also bring new opportunities and challenges to the development of virtual clothing. Therefore, researchers need to continue to pay attention to the development trends and needs of the virtual clothing field, and propose more innovative solutions to promote the rapid development of virtual clothing technology.

Key words: , digital fashion, 3D modeling, augmented reality, virtual reality, blockchain, metaverse

中图分类号:

TP391.41

顾善琪, 胡连信, 王泽峰, 陈旭, 楼炯楠, 刘奇龙, 张格格. 元宇宙时代下虚拟服装的研究进展[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2024, 32(3): 129-140.

GU Shanqia, b, HU Lianxina, b, WANG Zefenga, b, CHEN Xua, LOU Jiongnana, b, LIU Qiloga, b, ZHANG Gegea, b. Research progress of virtual clothing under the background of metaverse[J]. Advanced Textile Technology, 2024, 32(3): 129-140.

参考文献

[1]张燕翔, 凌燕. 元宇宙中虚拟人相关的心理问题探讨[J]. 心理技术与应用, 2023, 11(7): 414-420.
ZHANG Yanxiang, LING Yan. Discussion on psychological problems related to virtual humans in metaverse[J]. Psychology:Techniques and Applications, 2023, 11(7): 414-420.
[2]WEIL J. The synthesis of cloth objects[J]. ACM Siggraph Computer Graphics, 1986, 20(4): 49-54.
[3]KUNII T L, GOTODA H. Singularity theoretical modeling and animation of garment wrinkle formation processes[J]. The Visual Computer, 1990, 6(6): 326-336.
[4]CARIHNAN M, YANG Y, THALMANN N M, et al. Dressing animated synthetic actors with complex deformable clothes[J]. ACM Siggraph Computer Graphics, 1992, 26(2): 99-104.
[5]YANG Y, THALMANN N M. An improved algorithm for collision detection in cloth animation with human body[C]//SUNG Y S, TOSIYASU L. K. First Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications. Singapore: World Scientific, 1993: 237-251.
[6]BENFORD S D, BOWERS J, GRAY S, et al. The VIRTUOSI project[J]. Proceedings VR, 1994, 94: 217-245.
[7]MAGNENAT-THALMANN N, SEO H, CORDIER F. Automatic modeling of virtual humans and body clothing[J]. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2004, 19(5): 575-584.
[8]SCHOLZ V, STICH T, MAGNOR M, et al. Garment motion capture using color-coded patterns[C]//SIGGRAPH '05: ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Sketches. 31 July 2005, Los Angeles, California. New York: ACM, 2005: 38-es.
[9]FURUKAWA T, GU J, LEE W S, et al. 3D clothes modeling from photo cloned human body[C]//HEUDIN J C. Virtual Worlds: Second International Conference, VW 2000 Paris, France, July 5-7, 2000 Proceedings 2. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000: 159-170.
[10]CORDIER F, MAGNENAT‐THALMANN N. Real‐time animation of dressed virtual humans[J]//HAUSER H, ALLIEZ P. Computer Graphics Forum. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing, Inc, 2002, 21(3): 327-335.
[11]GROß C, FUHRMANN A, LUCKAS V. Automatic pre-positioning of virtual clothing[C]//Proceedings of the 19th Spring Conference on Computer Graphics. April 24 - 26, 2003, Budmerice, Slovakia. New York: ACM, 2003: 99-108.
[12]MEYER M, DEBUNNE G, DESBRUN M, et al. Interactive animation of cloth‐like objects in virtual reality[J]. The Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation, 2001, 12(1): 1-12.
[13]HILSMANN A, EISERT P. Tracking and retexturing cloth for real-time virtual clothing applications[C]//International Conference on Computer Vision / Computer Graphics Collaboration Techniques and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2009: 94-105.
[14]ZHANG Y Z, ZHENG J M, MAGNENAT-THALMANN N. Cloth simulation and virtual try-on with kinect based on human body adaptation[M]// Simulations, Serious Games and Their Applications. Singapore: Springer, 2014: 31-50.
[15]HASHMI M F, ASHISH B K K, KESKAR A G, et al. FashionFit: Analysis of mapping 3D pose and neural body fit for custom virtual try-on[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 91603-91615.
[16]徐小春, 董洪伟, 魏程峰. 改进的CAGAN在虚拟试衣中的应用[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2021,57(6): 152-158.
XU Xiaochun, DONG Hongwei, WEI Chengfeng. Application of improved CAGAN in virtual try-on[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2021,57(6): 152-158.
[17]赵星, 乔利利, 叶鹰. 元宇宙研究与应用综述[J]. 信息资源管理学报, 2022, 12(4):12-13.
ZHAO Xing, QIAO Lili, YE Ying. A review of metaverse research and applications[J]. Journal of Information Resources Management, 2022, 12 (4): 12-13.
[18]SHAO X W. Research and prospect of 3D virtual display technology of clothing[C]//2022 International Seminar on Computer Science and Engineering Technology (SCSET). January 8-9, 2022, Indianapolis, IN, USA. IEEE, 2022: 199-203.
[19]AZUMA R T. A survey of augmented reality[J]. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 1997, 6(4): 355-385.
[20]方超逸, 何佳臻. VR/AR技术在服装行业中的发展与应用[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2022, 30(6): 166-175.
FANG Chaoyi, HE Jiazhen. Development and application of VR/AR technology in the apparel industry[J]. Advanced Textile Technology, 2022, 30 (6): 166-175.
[21]CHU C H, CHEN Y A, HUANG Y Y, et al. A comparative study of virtual footwear try-on applications in virtual and augmented reality[J]. Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, 2022, 22(4): 041004.
[22]SONG H K, BAEK E, CHOO H J. Try-on experience with augmented reality comforts your decision: Focusing on the roles of immersion and psychological ownership[J]. Information Technology & People, 2020, 33(4): 1214-1234.
[23]ZHANG L, HE W P, HU Y P, et al. Using the visuo-haptic illusion to perceive and manipulate different virtual objects in augmented reality[J]. IEEE Access, 2021, 9: 143782-143794.
[24]JADHAV O, PATIL A, SAM J, et al. Virtual dressing using augmented reality[J]//PATIL M D, VYAWAHARE V A. ITM Web of Conferences. Paris, France: EDP Sciences, 2021, 40: 03028.
[25]AN S, CHE G F, GUO J H, et al. ARShoe: Real-time augmented reality shoe try-on system on smartphones[C]//HENG T. Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Multimedia. October 20 - 24, 2021, Virtual Event, China. New York: ACM, 2021: 1111-1119.
[26]ZHENG J M, CHAN K W, GIBSON I. Virtual reality[J]. IEEE Potentials, 1998, 17(2): 20-23.
[27]YANG E K, LEE J H. Classifying virtual reality-based collaboration environments: practical insights for application in fashion design[J]. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 2021, 14(3): 314-324.
[28]SARAKATSANOS O, CHATZILARI E, NIKOLOPOULOS S, et al. A VR application for the virtual fitting of fashion garments on avatars[C]// O’CONNER L. 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct).October 4-8, 2021, Bari, Italy. IEEE, 2021: 40-45.
[29]SPEICHER M, HALL B D, NEBELING M. What is mixed reality?[C]//Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. May 4 - 9, 2019, Glasgow, Scotland Uk. New York: ACM, 2019: 1-15.
[30]YANG Y I, YANG C K, CHU C H. A virtual try-on system in augmented reality using RGB-D cameras for footwear personalization[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 2014, 33(4): 690-698.
[31]KOONTZ M L, GIBSON I E. Mixed reality merchandising: bricks, clicks–and mix[J]. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 2002, 6(4): 381-395.
[32]KIYOKAWA K. Trends and vision of head mounted display in augmented reality[C]//2012 International Symposium on Ubiquitous Virtual Reality. August 22-25, 2012, Daejeon, Korea (South). IEEE, 2012: 14-17.
[33]TAMURA H, YAMAMOTO H, KATAYAMA A. Mixed reality: Future dreams seen at the border between real and virtual worlds[J]. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 2001, 21(6): 64-70.
[34]BALLARDINI R M, HE K, ROOS T. AI-generated content: authorship and inventorship in the age of artificial intelligence[M]//Online Distribution of Content in the EU. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2019.
[35]COURVILLE A, BENGIO Y. Generative adversarial nets[J]. Advanc in Neural, 2014, 27.
[36]GOODFELLOW I, POUGET-ABADIE J, MIRZA M, et al. Generative adversarial networks[J]. Communications of the ACM, 2020, 63(11): 139-144.
[37]JIN Q Z, LUO X, SHI Y Q, et al. Image generation method based on improved condition GAN[C]//WU W. 2019 6th International Conference on Systems and Informatics (ICSAI). November 2-4, 2019, Shanghai, China. IEEE, 2020: 1290-1294.
[38]LIU J L. 3D garment designing method of human body based on surface modeling technology[C]//2020 5th International Conference on Smart Grid and Electrical Automation (ICSGEA). June 13-14, 2020, Zhangjiajie, China. IEEE, 2020: 107-110.
[39]MA Q L, YANG J L, TANG S Y, et al. The power of points for modeling humans in clothing[C]//2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). October 10-17, 2021, Montreal, QC, Canada. IEEE, 2022: 10954-10964.
[40]张雅焓, 董远美. 区块链技术在电力招投标领域的应用研究[J]. 大众用电, 2021,36(1):78-79.
ZHANG Yahan, DONG Yuanmei. Research on the application of blockchain technology in the field of power bidding[J]. Popular Utilization of Electricity, 2021,36 (1): 78-79.
[41]CHANG Y, L IAKOVOU E, SHI W D. Blockchain in global supply chains and cross border trade: A critical synthesis of the state-of-the-art, challenges and opportunities[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2020, 58(7): 2082-2099.
[42]Fernández-Caramès T M, FRAGA-LAMAS P. Towards post-quantum blockchain: A review on blockchain cryptography resistant to quantum computing attacks[J]. IEEE access, 2020, 8: 21091-21116.
[43]BRILLIANTOVA V, THURNER T W. Blockchain and the future of energy[J]. Technology in Society, 2019, 57: 38-45.
[44]XU H, LI Z H, LI Z Y, et al. Metaverse native communication: A blockchain and spectrum prospective[C]//2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops). May 16-20, 2022, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. IEEE, 2022: 7-12.
[45]Dhirendra P, Kumar J S, Angappa G, et al. Blockchain and IoT embedded sustainable virtual closed-loop supply chain in E-commerce towards the circular economy[J]. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2022, 172(PA): 108530.
[46]LIU Y, CHANG Q G, PENG M G, et al. Virtual reality streaming in blockchain-enabled fog radio access networks[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2022, 9(11): 8067-8077.
[47]POMPILI F. The Devil Wears Skins: How Virtual Fashion is Revolutionising Fashion Industry[D]. Via di Villa Emiliani:LUiss Library, 2021: 30.
[48]UMER S M, KISHAN V. Application of Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) and The Intersection with Fashion luxuryIndustry[D]. Via Candiani:POLITesi, 2021: 13-15.
[49]LYSTInsights. The digital fashion report[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. https://www.lyst.com/data/digital-fashion-report/
[50]BRIENZA M V. Technological Evolution in The luxury and Fashion Industry: Focus on The Metaverse and NFT[D]. Via di Villa Emiliani:LUiss Library, 2022: 34-35.
[51]LEE J. A study on the intention and experience of using the metaverse[J]. Jahr: Europski časopis za bioetiku, 2022, 13(1): 177-192.
[52]RUIZ C D, CRUZ A. Unconventional luxury brand collaborations: a new form of luxury consumption among young adults in China[J]. International Marketing Review, 2023, 40(7): 1-21.
[53]BRUN A, DONETTI. Managing Luxury Brands: A Complete Guide to Contemporary Luxury Brand Strategies[M]. New York: Kogan Page Ltd Publishers, 2023: 201-226.
[54]穆淑华,曹卫群. 基于CLO3D的虚拟服装设计[J]. 电子科学技术, 2015(3): 366-371.
MU Shuhua, CAO Weiqun. Virtual fashion design with CLO3D [J].Electronic Science & Technology, 2015(3): 366-371.
[55]Yan-Xue Wang, Zheng-Dong Liu. Virtual clothing display platform based on CLO3D and evaluation of fit[J]. Journal of Fiber Bioengineering and Informatics, 2020, 13(1): 37-49.