Abstract: In the process of weaving production, the heald frame in high-speed reciprocating motion for a long time results in loom vibration, fatigue damage and yarn tension fluctuation, which will not only restrict the loom speed and affect the quality of the fabric, but also easily lead to the failure of the shedding system and shutdown maintenance. This is not conducive to the improvement of the production efficiency and profits of enterprises. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the automation level of textile machinery, the speed of the new shuttleless loom has reached 1800r/min, and the weft penetration rate has also reached 2000m/s. In this case, the traditional heald frame can no longer meet the development requirements of modern looms. Carbon fiber composites have excellent mechanical and physical properties. Applying them to the design and preparation of new heald frames can effectively improve the working efficiency of the shedding system, and has important practical significance for promoting the high-speed and high-precision development of textile machinery.
In this paper, the negative cam shedding was used to as the application object, and by combining the composite laminate theory with the design and preparation of the new heald frame, the asymmetrical fiber layup scheme was constructed through ANSYS/WorkBench software and its ACP module, and a carbon fiber composite heald frame based on sandwich lamination was designed and developed. According to the equivalent mechanical model of the shedding system, the spring return force, the spring return force, cam lifting force and yarn tension acting on the heald frame were analyzed and calculated. The finite element model of the composite heald frame with asymmetric laminate was set up with epoxy carbon fiber prepreg and honeycomb core, and the reinforcement design of crossbeam was realized with aluminum alloy plates. On the basis of the finite element static analysis, the interlaminar normal stress of each fiber layer of the upper and lower crossbeams was calculated and evaluated. Besides, the Tsai-Hill criterion was used as the failure criterion to analyze and predict the failure hazard zone and failure sequence of the heald frame. Through the sandwich laminated composite laminate design, while the lightweight design of the carbon fiber heald frame was realized, the inertia load and vibration noise of the loom could be substantial reduced, which is helpful to solve the speed matching problem between the traditional heald frame and the modern loom. The results indicate that there is a large stress distribution in the connection area between the crossbeam and side beam. Under the same laying process conditions, the fiber interlaminar normal stress of the upper crossbeam is significantly greater than that of the lower crossbeam. Normal stress S1 and S2 are important factors affecting the fatigue strength of the heald frame. Besides, the failure sequence of the fiber layer on single laminate is:1/5/4/2/8/6/3/7.
The composite heald frame can better adapt to the production requirements of modern high-speed looms, and can meet the development expectations of advanced weaving technology for new heald frames. By vigorously developing, applying and popularizing such high-performance heald frames, the working defects of traditional heald frames can be fundamentally improved, which is conducive to the technical progress of domestic heald frames.

Key words: laminate, heald frame, carbon fiber, failure, finite element, Tsai-Hill criterion

摘要： 为提升织机开口系统工作效能，将层压板理论与复合材料综框设计相结合，以环氧碳纤维预浸布料与蜂窝芯材为制备原料，通过WorkBench协同仿真环境及其ACP模块构建非对称层压板铺层方案，开发了一种基于夹芯分层的碳纤维复合材料综框仿真模型。根据开口系统等效力学模型，对弹簧回综力、凸轮提综力及纱线张力进行分析计算，以此实现碳纤维综框的有限元建模与力学性能仿真（包括静态特性、层间正应力、破坏形式及失效次序等）。结果表明：在横梁与边梁连接区域存在较大应力分布，最大Von-Mises应力约113.7 MPa；在相同铺层工艺条件下，上横梁的纤维层间正应力明显大于下横梁；横向剪切应力对中间蜂窝芯材影响相对较小；正应力S1、S2是影响综框疲劳强度的重要因素；单块层压板纤维层的失效次序为：1/5/4/2/8/6/3/7，失效危险区最大逆储备因子约0.755，为复合材料综框的设计创新与技术应用提供了有力借鉴。

关键词: 层压板, 综框, 碳纤维, 失效, 有限元, Tsai-Hill准则