Abstract: In order to explore the influence of different types of catalysts on the polymerization process and properties of flame-retardant polyester, two kinds of titanium-based catalysts and one kind of antimony-based catalyst were selected to synthesize flame-retarded modified copolyesters by direct esterification methodusing 2-carboxyethyl (phenyl)phosphinicacid as the flame retarded monomer, and the influence of different catalysts on the performance of the copolyester was discussed. The results show that the polycondensation reaction time of the flame-retardant polyester (Ti-PET) prepared by the two titanium-based catalysts is longer than that of the flame-retardant polyester (Sb-PET) prepared by the antimony-based catalyst, and the intrinsic viscosity of the two Ti-PETs is lower than that of Sb-PET; the flame-retardant polyester prepared with ethylene glycol titanium catalyst is dark yellow, and the flame-retardant polyester prepared with self-made Ti/Zn catalyst is light yellow; DSC test shows that the melting temperature (T_m) and peak temperature (T_p) of two kinds of Ti-PET are higher than those of Sb-PET, and their melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy are also higher thanthose of Sb-PET; TG test shows that Ti-PET has good thermal stability and high residual carbon content; the fire performance test shows that the flame retardant performance of the three flame retardant polyesters is not much different, the limiting oxygen index is about 29.5%, and the UL-94 test results have reached the V-0 level.

Key words: flame-retardant polyester, titanium-based catalyst, antimony catalyst, polymerization process

摘要： 为了探究不同种类催化剂对阻燃聚酯聚合工艺及性能的影响,选用了两种钛系催化剂和一种锑系催化剂,以2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸为阻燃单体,采用直接酯化法合成阻燃改性共聚酯,探讨了不同的催化剂对合成共聚酯性能的影响。结果表明:两种钛系催化剂制备的阻燃聚酯(Ti-PET)的缩聚反应时间都长于锑系阻燃聚酯(Sb-PET),其特性黏度低于Sb-PET的;使用乙二醇钛作为催化剂制备的阻燃聚酯呈深黄色,采用自制的Ti/Zn催化剂制备的阻燃聚酯呈淡黄色;热分析测试表明:两种Ti-PET的熔点(T_m)、峰顶温度(T_p)都高于Sb-PET,其熔融热焓和结晶热焓都高于Sb-PET;其热稳定性更好,残碳量高;阻燃性能测试表明,3种阻燃聚酯的极限氧指数均在29.5% 左右,UL-94测试结果都达到V-0级。

关键词: 阻燃聚酯, 钛系催化剂, 锑系催化剂, 聚合