Abstract: During the storage of fabrics, especially in humid and high-temperature environments, it is easy to produce mildew stains that are difficult to clean. To solve this problem during weaving and short-term storage of fabrics, Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus versicolor were used as the test strains, and four kinds of antifungal agents with active components, including iodopropylene-butyl carbamate (IPBC), zinc pyrithione (ZPT), octyl isothiazolinone (OIT) and silver chloride (AgCl), were selected and mixed with different sizing agents to explore antifungal agents with high application value suitable for the fabric sizing process. The antifungal properties of the four antifungal agents were compared by the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) test. The results demonstrated that the MBC value of the antifungal agent to the two molds was the same, the MBC value of AgCl was 0.156 mg/mL, that of IPBC and OIT was 0.313 mg/mL, and that of ZPT was 2.500 mg/mL, indicating that silver had the strongest antifungal ability. After the above four antifungal agents were added to the three common sizing agents of acrylate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and starch, the bacteriostatic zone test, sizing agent viscosity test and zeta potential test indicated that the properties of the sizing agents had a remarkable effect on the diffusion of the antifungal agents. The antibacterial properties of IPBC and OIT in the starch size were significantly enhanced, indicating that the compatibility of the two with the sizes was good. Specifically, the diameters of the inhibition zone of OIT in acrylate size, PVA size and starch size against Penicillium chrysogenum were 21.3 mm, 30.3 mm and 40.0 mm, respectively, while those against Aspergillus versicolor were 23.7 mm, 28.3 mm and 40.0 mm, respectively. Compared with acrylate and PVA size, starch size significantly promoted the bacteriostatic effect of IPBC and OIT but reduced the bacteriostatic ability of ZPT and AgCl. The probable cause is related to Zn2+ and Ag+ forming complexes with starch colloids, which are the active components of the latter two. In terms of price and effect, OIT has the highest application value. Finally, antifungal agents were applied to different fabrics through sizing treatment. The results of SEM analysis, contact angle test and anti-mildew test of fabrics show that the antifungal agents can be uniformly coated onto the surface of fabrics through the padding-sizing treatment, endowing the fabrics with excellent anti-mildew ability. The viscosity and hydrophilicity of the sizing agent have a significant impact on the anti-mildew ability of the fabric after sizing and finishing. Cotton and polyester fabrics show good mildew resistance, which may be related to the high viscosity and good hydrophilicity of starch and PVA size. Polyamide fiber sized with acrylate shows a poor anti-mildew effect, which indicates that several antifungal agents can be combined in the future to achieve a better anti-mildew effect and lower cost. Our study provides guidance for future research on antifungal compounds and engineering scale-up applications.

Key words: fabric antifungal agent, sizing and finishing, OIT, IPBC, ZPT, sizing agent

摘要： 为解决织物在织造和存放时发霉的问题，选用活性组分分别为碘丙炔基正丁胺甲酸酯(IPBC)、吡啶硫酮锌(ZPT)、辛基异噻唑啉酮(OIT)、氯化银(AgCl)的4种防霉剂，以产黄青霉和杂色曲霉为试验菌种，通过最小杀菌浓度(MBC)试验对比防霉剂的抑菌性能。结果表明：AgCl的MBC值最小，即杀菌能力最强，其次是IPBC和OIT，ZPT的最大。将上述4种防霉剂添加到3种常见的浆料(丙烯酸酯类、聚乙烯醇类、淀粉类)中，抑菌圈、浆料黏度和Zeta电位(ζ)等测试结果证明：浆料性质是影响防霉剂扩散的主要因素；其中，OIT与3种浆料的配伍性最好，市场应用价值最高。最后，通过上浆整理的方法将防霉剂应用到织物上，对整理织物的表面形貌、接触角、防霉等级等进行分析，结果表明：通过浸轧上浆处理，防霉剂可以均匀附着在织物表面使织物获得防霉能力；浆料的黏度和亲疏水性对上浆整理后织物的防霉性能影响显著。研究结果可为防霉上浆整理的工程应用提供参考。

关键词: 织物防霉剂, 上浆整理, OIT, IPBC, ZPT, 浆料