Effect of annealing on the structure and mechanical properties of polyurethane fiber

doi:10.19398/j.att.202101023

Abstract

Abstract:

Polyurethane (PU) fiber is prone to fracture, poor elasticity and poor temperature resistance in the process use, which limit the scope of its application. In this project, PU fiber was annealed at certain temperatures to improve mechanical properties. The structures and mechanical properties of spandex before and after annealing were characterized by means of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffractometer (2D-WAXD), infrared spectrometer and universal testing machine. The results show that annealing increases the hydrogen-bond interaction in the molecular link of spandex, promotes the rearrangement and crystallization of hard segments of molecular chain and improves the glass transition temperature of soft segments. By annealing at high temperatures, the tensile strength, elongation at break and elastic recovery of spandex can be improved.

Key words: spandex, annealing, mechanical properties, polyurethane

摘要：

聚氨酯纤维在使用过程中容易出现断丝、弹性变差、耐温性差等缺点,限制了其应用范围。为了改善聚氨酯纤维的力学性能,将聚氨酯纤维于一定温度下进行退火处理。利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、二维广角X-射线衍射仪(2D-WAXD)、红外光谱仪和万能材料试验机测试分析了聚氨酯纤维退火前后结构及力学性能的变化。研究表明:退火使氨纶分子链氢键化程度变大,促进硬段分子链段的重排结晶,提高软段的玻璃化转变温度;高温退火有利于氨纶断裂强力与断裂伸长率的提高,氨纶的弹性回复性能变好。

关键词: 氨纶, 退火, 力学性能, 聚氨酯

CLC Number:

TS151

SONG Huifen, SONG Liyan, PAN Tianhao, CHI Changlong, SHI Suyu, ZHANG Xuefeng. Effect of annealing on the structure and mechanical properties of polyurethane fiber[J]. Advanced Textile Technology, 2022, 30(2): 93-98.

宋会芬, 宋丽艳, 潘天浩, 迟长龙, 石素宇, 张学锋. 退火对聚氨酯纤维结构及力学性能的影响[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2022, 30(2): 93-98.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 FTIR spectra curves of the spandex before and after being annealed

Fig.2 DSC curves of the spandex before and after being annealed

Fig.3 2D-WAXD curves of the spandex before and after being annealed

Fig.4 1D-WAXD curves of the spandex before and after being annealed

Fig.5 Thetensile strength-elongation curves of the spandex before and after being annealed (b is the enlarged region of a)

Fig.6 Variation curves of tensile strength and elongation of the spandex before and after being annealed

Fig.7 Cyclic tensile curves of the spandex before and after being annealed

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