关键词: 染料废水, 多孔SiO₂微球, 防串染吸色片, 结合牢度, 吸附

Abstract: In order to solve the problems that the dark and light colored clothes cannot be mixed in the daily household laundry and the dye dropping in the washing process is easy to form dye wastewater, nonwoven fabric is selected as the base material to prepare laundry anti-dyeing color absorption sheets by loading porous SiO₂ microspheres. The composition structure of anti-dyeing color absorption sheets was designed, the concentration of porous SiO₂ microspheres was optimized, the surface morphology of the prepared anti-dyeing color absorption sheets was observed, the load fastness of microspheres was analyzed, and the anti-dyeing color absorption sheets were used for dye adsorption to observe the anti-dyeing effect. The results show that the anti-dyeing color absorption sheets consist of three layers: nonwoven substrate, polydopamine (PDA)adhesive layer and porous SiO₂ microsphere layer. Porous SiO₂ microspheres are electronegative and suitable for adsorption of cationic dyes. The higher the concentration of porous SiO₂ microspheres, the stronger the adsorption of dyes. Porous SiO₂ microspheres are evenly distributed on the fiber surface of the prepared anti-dyeing color absorption sheets, and the microspheres gather together to wrap the fiber. The weight loss rate of the anti-dyeing color adsorption sheets after washing was only 2.3%, which proved that the microspheres had good load fastness on the nonwoven substrate. The anti-dyeing color adsorption sheets were used in the mixed washing test of polyester cationic yarn (CDP), and it was found that the adsorbability to the dye was obvious, and the light colored CDP fabric did not appear stained. The research results can provide practical basis for the mixing and washing of dark and light colored clothes.

Key words: dye wastewater, porous SiO₂ microspheres, anti-dyeing color adsorption sheets, bonding fastness, adsorb