Advanced Textile Technology ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (06): 51-61.DOI: 10.12477/xdfzjs.20250607

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Synthesis and properties of self-coloring fluorosilicone-modified polyacrylate hybrid latex for textiles

  

  1. 1. Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing&Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; 2. Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Shaoxing 312000, China; 3. Zhejiang Namei Material Technology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313301, China
  • Received:2024-10-06 Online:2025-06-10 Published:2025-06-17

纺织品用自着色氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯杂化乳胶的合成与性能

  

  1. 1. 浙江理工大学绿色低碳染整技术浙江省工程研究中心,杭州 310018;2. 浙江省现代纺织技术创新中心,浙江绍兴 312000;3. 浙江纳美新材料有限公司,浙江湖州313301
  • 通讯作者: 李家炜
  • 作者简介:郭丁滔(2000—),男,江苏淮安人,硕士研究生,主要从事自着色乳胶的制备和应用方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2024C01199);中国纺织工业联合会应用基础研究项目(J202207);绍兴市产业关键技术攻关专项项目(2024B11007)

Abstract: In the textile printing and dyeing process, dyeing typically involves the use of a substantial amount of auxiliaries and necessitates procedures such as dyeing with a large liquor ratio, repeated washing and drying, and color fixing. These steps have often been criticized for resulting in the “three high” issues (high water consumption, high energy consumption, and high pollution), thereby impacting the green, low-carbon, and high-quality development of the textile industry chain. To solve this problem, many scholars have proposed to polymerize low molecular weight dyes, using the adhesive properties of polymers to directly attach them to the surface of fabrics without the need for additional dyes and film-forming agents. This method simplifies the process and meets the market demand for safety and environmental protection.
Introducing dye matrices into the main chain or side groups of polymers through copolymerization is an effective way to polymerize low molecular weight dyes. The self-coloring hybrid latex prepared by this method simultaneously possesses the strong light absorption of dyes and the migration resistance and processability of polymers. Fluorinated polysiloxane introduces fluorine groups into the organosilicon side groups, which not only endows the material with excellent properties of organosilicon polymers, such as flexibility, high temperature resistance, hydrophobicity, and low surface tension, but also enhances its heat resistance and chemical resistance. However, the behavior and mechanism of film formation and diffusion of rubber particles during the baking process of self-coloring fluorosilicone-modified polyacrylate hybrid latex for textiles are still unclear and therefore require further research.
To investigate the properties of self-coloring fluorosilicone-modified waterborne polymeric latex for textiles, polymerizable dye R60 was synthesized using C.I. Disperse Red 60 as the raw material. This dye was copolymerized with monomers such as methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), and trifluoropropylmethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3F) through a one-pot miniemulsion polymerization method to synthesize a self-coloring fluorosilicone-modified polyacrylate hybrid latex. This latex was then applied to cotton fabrics for foam dyeing and polyester fabrics for screen printing. The structures of R60 and self-coloring latex were characterized by 1H NMR and FTIR. The effects of different fluorosilicone monomer ratios and R60 addition amounts on the color characteristics, dry/wet crockfastness, and washing fastness of the colored fabrics were investigated. The film-forming and color-fixing mechanisms of the fluorosilicone-modified hybrid self-coloring latex were analyzed. The results showed that the self-coloring fluorosilicone-modified latex particles exhibited an ellipsoidal structure with good centrifugal and freeze-thaw stability. When the amount of R60 added was 3% of the total monomer mass and the mass ratio of D4 to D3F was 4/1, the hybrid film exhibited a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 2.7°C and a water contact angle of 93.9°. Compared to fabrics treated with pure acrylate self-coloring latex, the color fastness, hand feel, and air permeability of fabrics treated with the fluorosilicone-modified self-coloring latex were improved. The K/S values of foam-dyed cotton fabrics and polyester fabrics reached 2.02 and 7.39, respectively, with dry/wet crockfastness and washing fastness ratings being above grade 4. The air permeability increased by 23.7% and 33.2%, respectively, while the stiffness decreased by 28.55% and 49.7%. Leveraging the surface migration characteristics of the fluorosilicone segments during film formation, the latex particles could better diffuse into the fabric pores, inhibiting the continuous formation of a film on the fabric surface and imparting excellent coloring performance to the colored fabrics.

Key words: self-coloring latex, fluorosilicone-modified polyacrylate, pigment printing, foam dyeing, crockfastness

摘要: 为探讨纺织品用自着色氟硅改性水性高分子乳胶的性能,以C.I.分散红60为原料合成可聚合染料R60,再将染料R60与丙烯酸酯、氟硅单体一起,通过一锅细乳液聚合法合成自着色氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯杂化乳胶,并将其应用于棉织物泡沫染色和涤纶织物丝网印花。考察不同氟硅单体比、R60添加量对着色织物的颜色特征值和耐干/湿摩擦、水洗牢度的影响,分析自着色氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯杂化乳胶的成膜固色机理。结果表明:自着色氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯杂化乳胶呈椭球形结构,具有良好的稳定性;当R60质量分数为3%且D4/D3F质量比为4/1时,杂化胶膜的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)值为2.7 ℃,水接触角达93.9°;与纯丙烯酸酯自着色乳胶织物相比,引入氟硅链段的自着色乳胶着色织物的色牢度、手感及透气性均得到提高。氟硅链段在成膜过程的表面迁移特性,有利于胶粒在织物空隙更好的扩散,抑制胶粒在织物表面连续成膜,并赋予着色织物良好的着色性能。

关键词: 自着色乳胶, 氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯, 涂料印花, 泡沫染色, 摩擦牢度

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