Abstract: Aiming at the problems of the poor hygroscopicity and difficulty in dyeing of polyester fibers, dopamine (DA) was used as the raw material to prepare the modified and colored polyester fibers and fabrics by self-polymerization and deposition of DA on polyester fiber in the CuSO₄/H₂O₂ system. The modified polyester fibers were characterized by polarized optical microscope (POM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the hydrophilicity and color fastness of the polyester fabrics were tested by contact angle measurement instrument, washing fastness tester and rotation friction tester, etc. The results showed that polydopamine (PDA) was deposited on the surface of the fiber when the polyester fiber was treated with 3 g/L of dopamine, which made the polyester fiber brown-black. Besides, the water contact angle of the dopamine-treated polyester fabric was 58°, which was significantly lower than that of the fabric without dopamine treatment(120°), and the hydrophilicity was significantly improved. At the same time, the tensile strength of the polyester fiber treated with 3 g/L DA was 0.1133 N/tex, which was slightly higher than that of the untreated polyester fiber (0.1040 N/tex). The dry and wet rubbing discoloration fastness as well as washing discoloration fastness of the dopamine-treated polyester fabric reached above 3.5 grade, which indicated that the dopamine-treated polyester fibers had good color fastness. This study provides a new thought and method for the preparation of hydrophilic colored polyester fibers.

Key words: polyester fiber, polyester fabric, polydopamine, color fastness, hydrophilicity

摘要： 针对聚酯纤维吸湿性差、不易染色等问题,以多巴胺(DA)为原料,通过DA在CuSO₄/H₂O₂体系中自聚沉积在聚酯纤维上制得改性有色聚酯纤维及织物。采用偏光显微镜(POM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对改性聚酯纤维进行表征,并采用接触角测量仪、耐洗色牢度试验机、旋转摩擦仪等对改性聚酯织物的亲水性及色牢度进行测试。结果表明:以3 g/L的多巴胺改性聚酯纤维时,聚多巴胺(PDA)沉积在纤维表面,使聚酯纤维呈现棕黑色,而且制得的聚酯织物水接触角为58°,相比于未经多巴胺处理织物的接触角(120°)明显下降,亲水性显著改善;同时,经3 g/L DA处理后聚酯纤维的拉伸强度为0.1133 N/tex,与未处理聚酯纤维的拉伸强度(0.1040 N/tex)相比稍有提升;经多巴胺处理后的聚酯织物耐干、湿摩擦变色牢度和耐洗涤变色牢度均达到了3.5级以上,这说明经聚多巴胺改性的聚酯纤维具有良好的色牢度。研究结果为制备亲水性有色聚酯纤维提供了一种新思路。

关键词: 聚酯纤维, 聚酯织物, 聚多巴胺, 色牢度, 亲水性