Abstract: In order to prepare nanofiber aggregates that not only have the surface properties of nanofibers, but also maintain the excellent mechanical properties of traditional fibers, and to further expand the application field of nanofibers and improve the application value, a continuous preparation method of nanofiber core-spun yarn was proposed. PET/PA6 nanofiber core-spun yarn with polyester filament (PET) as core layer and nylon 6 nanofiber (PA6) as coating layer was prepared by double needle water bath electrospinning method. The effect of spinning voltage on the structure and properties of nanofiber core-spun yarn was studied. The results show that the nanofibers prepared at different voltages have a good coating effect on the core yarn. The diameter of the nanofiber decreases with the increase of the voltage. The diameter of the nanofiber is 140.80±21.34 nm at 14 kV and 91.75±13.24 nm at 20 kV, which decreases by about 1/3. With the increase of the voltage, the coating rate and linear density of the nanofiber core-spun yarn increase. When the voltage is 20 kV, the coating rate of the nanofiber core-spun yarn is 28.58%, which is about 1.5 times of the coating rate when the voltage is 14 kV. The breaking strength of the PA6 nanofiber coating is lower than that of conventional PA6 fiber, but the breaking elongation is close to that of conventional PA6 fiber.

Key words: electrospinning, water bath method, nanofiber core-spun yarn, voltage, structure and properties

摘要： 为了制备既具备纳米纤维的表面性能,又保持传统纤维优异力学性能的纳米纤维集合体,进一步拓展纳米纤维的应用领域,提高应用价值,提出了一种纳米纤维包芯纱的连续制备方法。利用双针头水浴静电纺丝法制备了以涤纶长丝(PET)为芯层,外包聚酰胺6(PA6)纳米纤维的PET/PA6纳米纤维包芯纱。研究了纺丝电压对纳米纤维包芯纱结构与性能的影响,结果表明:制备的纳米纤维在不同电压下对于芯纱都有较好的包覆;纳米纤维的直径随电压的增加而下降,14 kV时纳米纤维的直径为(140.80±21.34) nm,20 kV 时仅为(91.75±13.24) nm,下降了约1/3;随着电压的增加,纳米纤维包芯纱的包覆率和线密度都增大,当电压为20 kV时,纳米纤维包芯纱的包覆率为28.58%,约为电压14 kV时的1.5倍;PA6纳米纤维包覆层的断裂强度要低于常规的PA6纤维,但断裂伸长在常规PA6纤维的范围内。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 水浴法, 纳米纤维包芯纱, 电压, 结构与性能