Abstract:

The metal filaments have the good properties of conductivity, thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding. The fineness of the metal filaments used in textiles is generally 20~80 μm. The strength and machinability of the metal filaments used alone generally cannot meet the requirements. The composite processing of the metal filaments can improve their performance and expand their application field.

To test and compare properties of different metal filaments applied to textiles, we select the copper magnesium alloy filament, metal copper filament and stainless steel filament, and develop composite electro conductive yarns comprising metal filaments by Sirofil and Siro spinning technologies. The morphological characteristics of metal filaments and composite yarns are observed by the fiber fineness analyzer and stereo microscope. The tensile mechanical properties of different composite yarns are tested and analyzed with an electronic filament strength tester. The tensile property of constant elongation cyclic drawing is tested by cycling for 50 times under the conditions of 10 second tensile stop, 10 second relaxation stop and 1%, 2% and 3% of constant elongation. The tensile property of constant load cyclic drawing is tested by cycling for 50 times under the conditions of 10 second tensile stop, 10 second relaxation stop and 20, 50, 80 and 100 cN of constant load. To test the electric resistance of metal filaments and composite yarns with a digital multimeter, so as to measure the electrothermal properties of the composite electro conductive yarns, 10 cm×10 cm electro conductive yarn sample is pasted on the flame resistant bakelite board in S shape, and the voltages of 3, 6, 9, and 12 V are applied respectively. Under different load voltages, the temperature change of the sample is recorded with an infrared imager within 5 minutes.

It can be concluded that the selected metal filaments have uniform fineness and good spinnability, and the metal composite conductive yarn have standard mechanical performance and excellent electricthermal performance. Referring to the product standard FZT 12071 2021 Electro Conductive Yarn, the breaking strengths of the yarns meet the corresponding technical requirements, and the conductivity properties reach its standard of Class A. All composite electro conductive yarns have excellent properties of constant elongation cyclic drawing and constant load cyclic drawing. The electrothermal performance of copper magnesium alloy filament yarns and metal copper composite yarns is better than that of stainless steel filament yarns. The higher the load voltage is, the higher the temperature of the sample is, and the faster the heating speed is. When the voltage is 12 V, the equilibrium temperatures of cottoncopper Sirofil covered yarn and Siro spun yarn are 48.6℃ and 46.7℃ respectively, and the equilibrium temperatures of cottoncopper magnesium Sirofil covered yarn and cottoncopper magnesium Siro spun yarn are 40.9℃ and 35.6℃ respectively.

In the future, based on the research and development of functional textiles made of stainless filaments by predecessors, we can develop the functional textiles such as electric heating fabrics and intelligent wearable products using the excellent mechanical properties and better electrothermal properties of copper magnesium alloy filament and metal copper filament composite yarns.

Key words:

copper magnesium alloy filament, metal copper filament, composite electro conductive yarn, mechanical properties, electrothermal properties

摘要： 为了探讨金属长丝在纺织上的应用，选用铜镁合金长丝、金属铜长丝与不锈钢长丝，利用赛络菲尔和赛络纺工艺制备金属长丝复合导电纱，对比测试了不同产品的力学性能和电热性能。对照FZ T 12071—2021《导电纱线》产品标准，复合导电纱的断裂强度达到相应技术要求，导电性能达到A类产品要求。结果表明：金属长丝复合导电纱具有优良的定伸长循环拉伸、定负荷循环拉伸性能；金属铜长丝、铜镁合金长丝较不锈钢长丝具有更为优良的电热性能。通过复合纱的设计和纺制，金属长丝导电纱力学性能达标、电热性能优良，可以用于开发功能纺织产品。

关键词: 铜镁合金长丝, 金属铜长丝, 复合导电纱线, 力学性能, 电热性能