Abstract: As one of the main synthetic fibers, polyester has the characteristics of excellent abrasion resistance, wrinkle recovery, and elasticity, and is irreplaceable in the garment industry. Currently, the alkali reduction process has become an important processing step in improving the quality of polyester, but this step has several drawbacks, such as high alkali consumption, difficulties in processing, high energy consumption, severe environmental pollution, and considerable fabric damage.
This paper focused on the study of alkali deweighting of polyester fibers, aiming to address the high alkali and energy consumption, and significant environmental pollution issues present in the traditional alkali deweighting process. Combined with previous research findings, this study used octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (accelerator 1827) and benzyl alcohol as plasticizers, intending to increase the alkali deweighting rate of polyester fabrics through the synergistic effect of the accelerator-plasticizer combination. This, in turn, would reduce the required NaOH dosage, thereby reducing environmental pollution and minimizing production costs while ensuring the alkali deweighting effect on polyester fabrics. Experimental results showed that the addition of accelerator 1827 and benzyl alcohol significantly increased the alkali deweighting rate of polyester fabrics. Compared to a 10.0 g/L NaOH dosage, when the benzyl alcohol volume ratio in the treatment solution was 10%, and the concentration of accelerator 1827 was 2.0 g/L, the alkali deweighting rate of polyester fabrics increased from 6.3% to 34.9%, nearly an increase of 4.5 times, surpassing the deweighting rate (22%) at 35.0 g/L NaOH concentration. Thus, a high deweighting effect was achieved at a lower NaOH mass concentration, significantly reducing alkali usage and environmental pollution. Comprehensive tests of fabric properties showed that polyester fabrics treated with the accelerator-plasticizer synergy exhibited notably improved hydrophilicity, and the whiteness showed few changes, favoring subsequent dyeing and finishing processes.
In conclusion, this paper successfully demonstrates that by regulating the concentration and usage ratio of the plasticizer and accelerator, the alkali deweighting rate of polyester can be significantly improved while production costs and environmental damage are lowered. This discovery not only has important implications for enhancing the production efficiency and environmental friendliness of polyester fabrics, but also offers a new technical path for the green and sustainable development of polyester pre-treatment processes.

Key words: polyester fabric, deweighting rate, plasticizer, accelerator, synergistic effect

摘要： 为了提升涤纶碱减量过程中碱剂的减量效率，选用十八烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1827)季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂作为碱减量促进剂，以苯甲醇作为增塑剂，研究了氢氧化钠、增塑剂、促进剂用量，及增塑剂-促进剂协同作用对涤纶织物碱减量效率的影响；同时，分析比较了促进剂使用前后碱减量织物的性能变化。结果表明：与不使用促进剂和增塑剂时相比，当处理液中苯甲醇体积占比为10%，1827促进剂质量浓度为2.0 g/L时，涤纶织物减量率可以从6.3%提高到34.9%，提高了4.5倍，明显高于仅使用NaOH且质量浓度为35.0 g/L下的减量率(22%)；另外，增塑剂-促进剂协同作用可以改善涤纶织物减量后的毛效、白度、强力、均匀性性能。因此，促进剂协同增塑剂有望解决涤纶碱减量过程中高耗碱的技术难题，为推动涤纶前处理绿色可持续发展提供一定的参考价值。

关键词: 涤纶织物, 减量率, 增塑剂, 促进剂, 协同作用