基于客观赋权法的运动文胸功能性综合评价

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 运动文胸是女性参与体育锻炼最重要的装备之一，其功能性优劣直接影响女性运动者的运动表现和乳房健康。为了全面评价运动文胸的功能性，从运动文胸的防震功能、压力舒适性和热湿舒适性方面考虑，建立运动文胸功能性综合评价体系。采用熵值法和变异系数法两种客观赋权法对7款运动文胸的功能性进行综合评价，并通过主观评价实验验证结果的可行性和有效性。结果表明：熵值法和变异系数法这两种客观赋权法得到的综合评价一致，且与主观评价实验的结果一致程度较高，验证了使用这两种客观赋权法对运动文胸功能性进行综合评价具备可行性。文章采用的两种客观赋权法为运动文胸的综合评价提供了一定参考，同时也为文胸的质量评估提供了思路。

关键词: 运动文胸, 功能性, 综合评价, 熵值法, 变异系数法, 客观赋权法

Abstract: Single function evaluation on bras does not cater for women's comprehensive requirements for sports bras during exercise. Although comprehensive evaluations on thermal function of bras have been documented, breast movement reduction and dynamic pressure comfort, as two of the most representative functions of sports bras, have not been reported to be included into the comprehensive evaluation on sports bra function. This study aimed to explore a comprehensive evaluation method for sports bra functions. A subjective evaluation experiment was also conducted to verify the validity and feasibility of the results.
Taking function as the starting point, the article established a comprehensive evaluation system for the function of sports bras by considering the shock-proof function, pressure comfort and heat and humidity comfort of sports bras and choosing the four representative indexes of displacement, pressure, air permeability and moisture permeability, respectively. The experimental subjects were five C-cup women, and the experimental samples were seven sports bras. The subjects wore the seven sports bras in turn and ran on the treadmill at 7.5 km/h and 10.0 km/h respectively. The vertical breast displacement and cup pressure during running were collected and calculated, and the air permeability and moisture permeability of two cushions of each bra were tested. Entropy method and variation coefficient method were employed to calculate the weights of various indicators, subsequently deriving comprehensive evaluation values for the seven samples of sports bras. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the objective weighting method in assessing the functionality of sports bras were validated through subjective evaluation experiments.
Comprehensive evaluation method for sports bra function used in this study could be categorized into six key steps, which were determining representative parameters, collecting parameter data, normalizing collected data, calculating weight coefficient of each parameter, calculating comprehensive evaluation score for each bra sample and ranking bra samples according to comprehensive evaluation scores. The results show that the weights of each index obtained by the two methods are consistent when the speed of movement is 10.0 km/h. Through the test of the data of each index of the seven samples, it is found that the air permeability and moisture permeability of sample clothing 2# are the best, and the displacement is second only to sample clothing 1#; the displacement, pressure and moisture permeability of sample 7# are the worst. According to the comprehensive evaluation of the functional performance of the sports bra, the comprehensive rankings obtained by the entropy method and the coefficient of variation method are consistent with the order of superiority being 2#, 1#, 4#, 3#, 6#, 5#, and 7#. In addition, in the subjective validation experiment, the subjective evaluation results are in agreement with the two objective evaluation ranking results to a large extent. The validity and accuracy of the two comprehensive evaluation methods are demonstrated.
This study provides two new objective weighting methods for synthetical assessment of sports bra function. Both the entropy method and variation coefficient method can obtain comprehensive evaluation scores of sports bra function. The evaluation results of the two objective weighting methods under the two running speed conditions are consistent, and the overall ranking of each sports bra is relatively stable. The results of objective evaluation and subjective evaluation are consistent to a large extent, which verifies the feasibility of the comprehensive evaluation method of sports bra function based on the objective weighting method. This finding confirms the notion that the objective weighting method is a scientific and rational method to evaluate sports bra function synthetically, which effectively avoids the interference of subjective factors and provides a new direction for product evaluation and optimization.

Key words: sports bra, function, comprehensive evaluation, entropy method, variation coefficient method, object weighting method

中图分类号:

TS 941.79

商璐璐, 陈晓娜, 孙甜甜, 卢娅娅, 郑雪. 基于客观赋权法的运动文胸功能性综合评价[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2024, 32(7): 126-134.

SHANG Lulu, CHEN Xiaona, SUN Tiantian, LU Yaya, ZHENG Xue. Comprehensive evaluation of sports bras' function based on objective weighting method[J]. Advanced Textile Technology, 2024, 32(7): 126-134.

参考文献

[1]SCURR J C, WHITE J L, HEDGER W. The effect of breast support on the kinematics of the breast during the running gait cycle[J]. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2010, 28(10): 1103-1109.
[2]ZHOU J, YU W, Ng S P. Identifying effective design features of commercial sports bras[J]. Textile Research Journal, 2013, 83(14): 1500-1513.
[3]刘楠, 刘正. 差异化面料拼接对乳房晃动束缚的影响[J]. 现代纺织技术, 2020, 28(6): 62-66.
LIU Nan, LIU Zheng. Effect of differentiated fabric splicing on breast vibration restriction[J]. Advanced Textile Technology, 2020, 28(6): 62-66.
[4]李上校, 任景萍, 周兴龙. 不同步频下运动文胸对乳房运动特征及步态参数的影响[J]. 北京体育大学学报, 2018, 41(1): 82-88.
LI Shangxiao, REN Jingping, ZHOU Xinglong. Influence of sports bra on breast kinematic characteristics and the gait parameters under different stride frequencies[J]. Journal of Beijing Sport University, 2018, 41(1): 82-88.
[5]陈慧娴, 鲁虹, 李书洋等. 运动文胸结构设计要素对穿着舒适性的影响 [J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40 (9): 159-166.
CHEN Huixian, LU Hong, LI Shuyang, et al. Influence of sports bra structural elements on wearing comfort [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(9):159-166．
[6]王二会, 陈晓娜. 钢圈对文胸压力分布的影响[J]. 毛纺科技, 2019, 47(6): 90-94.
WANG Erhui, CHEN Xiaona. Influence of underwire on bra pressure distribution[J]. Wool Textile Journal, 2019, 47(6): 90-94.
[7]OCRAN F M, JI X F, ZHAI L N. The impact of sports bra features on measured and perceived pressure for torso movement of the upper body[J]. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 2022, 17: 1-12.
[8]AYRES B, WHITE J, HEDGER W, et al. Female upper body and breast skin temperature and thermal comfort following exercise[J]. Ergonomics, 2013, 56(7): 1194-1202.
[9]CARNEIRO L P, MIRANDA T M R, CATARINO A. A Comparative thermophysiological study in sport bras for running[C]//IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. IOP Publishing, 2017, 254(7): 072006.
[10]LIU X, JI X, OCRAN F M, et al. Effects of ventilation design on thermal comfort performance and breast displacement for sports bras[J]. Textile Research Journal, 2023, 93(3-4): 519-537.
[11]石文奇, 程凡, 陈玉波, 等. 女大学生内衣质量选择模糊综合评判[J]. 服装学报, 2017, 2(3): 200-203.
SHI Wenqi, CHENG Fan, CHEN Yubo, et al. Application of fuzzy judgment of female college students in underwear selection[J]. Journal of Clothing Research, 2017, 2(3): 200-203.
[12]周捷, 王婧, 崔建营. 基于AHP-灰色关联综合评价的文胸消费影响因素分析 [J]. 纺织高校基础科学学报, 2023, 36 (5): 31-37.
ZHOU Jie, WANG Jing, CUI Jianying. Analysis of influencing factors of bra consumption based on AHP-Gray correlation comprehensive evaluation [J]. Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities, 2023, 36 (5): 31-37.
[13]彭张林, 张强, 杨善林. 综合评价理论与方法研究综述 [J]. 中国管理科学, 2015, 23 (S1): 245-256.
PENG Zhanglin, ZHANG Qiang, YANG Shanlin. Overview of comprehensive evaluation theory and methodology[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2015, 23 (S1): 245-256.
[14]郭昱. 权重确定方法综述 [J]. 农村经济与科技, 2018, 29 (8): 252-253.
GUO Yu. A review of methods for determining weights [J]. Rural Economy and Science Technology, 2018, 29 (8): 252-253.
[15]邱丽俊, 陈李红. 基于熵值法的服装品牌形象价值创造指标定量化评价[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(7): 160-166.
QIU Lijun, CHEN Lihong. Quantitative evaluation of value creation indices for apparel brand image based on entropy method[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2020, 41(7): 160-166.
[16]李卫平. 保暖型户外服装缝口功能及质量研究[D]. 呼和浩特：内蒙古工业大学, 2021: 15-42.
LI Weiping. Research on Seam Function and Quality of Warm Outdoor Clothing[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia University of Technology, 2021:15-42.
[17]周捷, 毛倩, 张英莉, 等. 基于GRA与TOPSIS的塑身内衣压力舒适性研究[J]. 纺织高校基础科学学报, 2021, 34(2): 67-73.
ZHOU Jie, MAO Qian, ZHANG Yingli, et al. Pressure comfort evaluation of shapewear based on GRA and TOPSIS[J]. Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities, 2021, 34(2): 67-73.
[18]卢敏. 基于空气层结构的针织内衣设计与热湿舒适性研究[D]. 上海: 上海工程技术大学, 2021: 11-25.
LU Min. Design of Knitted Underwear Based on Air Layer Structure and Heat and Moisture Comfort Research[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 2021: 11-25.
[19]常生. 基于灰色系统理论的针织内衣面料热湿舒适性评价及预测[D]. 天津: 天津工业大学, 2016: 41-45.
CHANG Sheng. Evaluation and Prediction of Thermal and Humidity Comfort of Knitted Underwear Fabrics Based on Grey System Theory[D]. Tianjin: Tiangong University, 2016: 41-45.
[20]尚子娟, 王唯华. 基于熵值法的我国公共文化服务治理绩效评价研究[J]. 重庆师范大学学报(社会科学版), 2023, 43(1): 103-114.
SHANG Zijuan, WANG Weihua. Research on the evaluation of public cultural service governance performance in China based on the entropy method[J]. Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Edition of Social Sciences), 2023, 43(1): 103-114.
[21]任贵平, 王晓雨, 程竹林, 等. 基于变异系数法对不同温度干燥枸杞品质的评价[J]. 现代食品科技, 2022, 38(12): 264-271.
REN Guiping, WANG Xiaoyu, CHENG Zhulin, et al. Evaluation of the quality of wolfberry dried at different temperatures based on the coefficient of variation method[J]. Modern Food Science and Technology, 2022, 38(12): 264-271.
[22]朱喜安, 魏国栋. 熵值法中无量纲化方法优良标准的探讨[J]. 统计与决策, 2015(2): 12-15.
ZHU Xi'an, WEI Guodong. Exploring the excellent standards of dimensionless methods in the entropy method[J]. Statistics and Decision, 2015(2): 12-15.
[23]SCURR, J C, WHITE, J L, HEDGER, W. Supported and unsupported breast displacement in three dimensions across treadmill activity levels[J]. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2011, 29(1), 55-61.
[24]SCURR J, WHITE J, HEDGER W. Breast displacement in three dimensions during the walking and running gait cycles[J]. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 2009, 25(4): 322-329.
[25]丁雪梅, 陈娜, 肖平. 调整型束裤服装压研究[J]. 纺织导报, 2009(2): 92-95.
DING Xuemei, CHEN Na, XIAO Ping. Research on the pressure of adjustable sculpting trousers[J]. China Textile Leader, 2009(2): 92-95.