Abstract: In order to advance the development of green oil pollution adsorption materials, we used impregnation method by introducing silica nanoparticles to strenghten the surface roughness and long-chain alkane hydrophobic groups to reduce the surface energy based on cotton woven fabrics and cotton towel fabric, obtaining hydrophobic-oleophylic cotton fabrics. We prepared the hydrophobic-oleophylic cotton fabrics with an alternative use of 3-5 layers of cotton woven fabric and cotton towel fabric, tested and analyzed their oil absorption capacity, oil retention rate as well as total oil absorption. As a result, the oil absorption performance of composite cotton fabrics is improved, which indicates that the composite mode affects the oil absorption performance. When the towel fabric is laminated on the outer layer, the oil absorption capacity and total oil absorption are high; otherwise, the retention rate is high. The highest oil absorption capacity and oil retention rate of the hydrophobic-lipophilic composite cotton fabrics to crude oil are respectively 206% and 89.6%.

Key words: cotton fabric, hydrophobic-oleophylic, silica nanoparticles, composite cotton fabrics

摘要： 为促进绿色油污吸附材料的研制,以纯棉机织物、毛巾织物为基体,采用浸渍法引入二氧化硅纳米颗粒增加表面粗糙度,通过长链烷烃疏水基团降低表面能,获得疏水亲油棉织物。采用机织物/毛巾织物3－5层的层间复合方式制备疏水亲油复合型棉织物,并对其吸油倍数、保油率、吸油总量进行测试与分析。结果表明:复合型棉织物吸油性能得到提高,复合方式影响其吸油性能。毛巾织物复合在外层时,吸油倍数和吸油总量高,外层织物为机织物复合时,保油率高。疏水亲油复合型棉织物对原油的吸油倍数、保油率最高分别为206%、89.6%。

关键词: 棉织物, 疏水亲油, 二氧化硅纳米颗粒, 复合棉织物