Preparation of MXene/nylon fabrics and their conductive properties
QIN Ji’en, TANG Yuqin, QIN Xiuxian, YIN Yunjie
2024, 32(8):
1-6.
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MXene is a two-dimensional nanomaterial akin to graphene, characterized by high electrical conductivity and a large specific surface area. It possesses a layered structure, simple fabrication process, excellent mechanical properties, and environmental stability. This material has garnered significant attention from researchers due to its outstanding electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and rich electrochemical active groups, showing potential applications in energy storage, sensing, catalysis, electromagnetic shielding, and biomedical fields. MXene layers obtained through etching with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and intercalation with organic macromolecules display functional groups such as -O-, -F, and -OH on their surfaces, rendering them hydrophilic. Furthermore, single-layer MXene can form stable colloidal dispersions in various aqueous and organic solvents. Leveraging these advantages, MXene/nylon fabrics can be fabricated by immersing fabrics in MXene dispersion and drying, and the functional groups on the MXene surface can combine with hydrogen bonds of the fabrics, thus firmly adhering to the nylon fabric surface. In this study, MAX phase ceramics were etched and intercalated with anhydrous ethanol as an intercalation agent, and HF generated in situ through the reaction of LiF and HCl as the etchant, to obtain a dispersion of single-layer MXene. MXene-conductive fabrics were prepared by the immersion method, investigating the influence of immersion-drying cycles on the conductivity of MXene fabrics and evaluating fabric durability and thermal properties. The conductive properties of the MXene fabrics obtained through one impregnation-drying process are limited, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of practical applications. In order to obtain an ideal conductive fabric, nylon fabrics were impregnated in MXene dispersion for several times, so that MXene can be combined on the surface of nylon fabrics as much as possible to form a stable conductive path, thus giving the fabrics excellent conductivity. After 1-4 impregnations, the electrical conductivity of the MXene fabrics was greatly improved, from 0.88 S/m to 55.91 S/m. After four impregnation-drying processes, the MXene/nylon fabrics were coated with layered MXene on the fiber surface. Due to the use of fluoride-based etching agents, MXene contains a large number of functional groups such as −OH, −F and −O−, which can form hydrogen bonds with nylon fabrics and bond closely. There are a large number of MXene layers on the surface of the nylon fabric and between the gaps, indicating that excessive MXene is filled in the gap of the nylon fabric or superimposed with the MXene layer on the fabric surface. The pattern of MXene layer on the surface of a single fiber can be observed at high magnification, which indicates that MXene and nylon fiber have a certain combination. With an increase in the number of immersion-drying cycles, the MXene content loaded onto the surface of the nylon fabrics gradually increased, resulting in enhanced fabric conductivity. After four times of impregnation-drying, the loading of MXene tended to be saturated, and the conductivity was 55.91 S/m. The washing fastness and rubbing fastness of the MXene/nylon fabrics are insufficient. After 25 times of washing, the conductivity of the fabrics is reduced to 1.47 S/m; after five times of friction, the conductivity of the fabric is 0.49 S/m.
